The Lancet. Respiratory medicine
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Abundant laboratory findings show the important role vitamin D has in the innate and adaptive immune system. In human beings, observational studies have associated vitamin D deficiency with an increased risk for different inflammatory, infectious, and autoimmune diseases. With regard to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), conflicting data have been reported. ⋯ An alternative explanation for the discordant results in COPD might be related to the complexity of the intracellular vitamin D signalling pathway, which is not shown in systemic levels of the precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D. For COPD in particular, we speculate that local downregulation of vitamin D signalling from and beyond the receptor might clarify why pro-inflammatory processes in the airways are not or are insufficiently countered by vitamin D-dependent control mechanisms. In a disease already characterised by glucocorticoid resistance, the potential activation and reactivation of an intrinsic comprehensive system of immune control should attract more attention to design appropriate interventions with promising therapeutic potential.
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Comparative Study
Serum concentrations of club cell secretory protein (Clara) and cancer mortality in adults: a population-based, prospective cohort study.
Club cell secretory protein (Clara) (CC16) is produced mainly by bronchiolar club cells and has been shown to have protective effects against airway inflammation and oxidative stress from cigarette smoking and related carcinogens. The goal of this study was to establish whether serum CC16 concentrations predict all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in adults. ⋯ National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Ambient air pollution and low birthweight: a European cohort study (ESCAPE).
Ambient air pollution has been associated with restricted fetal growth, which is linked with adverse respiratory health in childhood. We assessed the effect of maternal exposure to low concentrations of ambient air pollution on birthweight. ⋯ The European Union.