World journal of gastroenterology : WJG
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World J. Gastroenterol. · Feb 2014
ReviewPerioperative anemia management in colorectal cancer patients: a pragmatic approach.
Anemia, usually due to iron deficiency, is highly prevalent among patients with colorectal cancer. Inflammatory cytokines lead to iron restricted erythropoiesis further decreasing iron availability and impairing iron utilization. Preoperative anemia predicts for decreased survival. ⋯ Newer formulations allow complete replacement dosing in 15-60 min markedly facilitating care. Erythropoiesis stimulating agents may improve response rates. A multidisciplinary, multimodal, individualized strategy, collectively termed Patient Blood Management used to minimize or eliminate allogeneic blood transfusion is indicated to improve outcomes.
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Free cancer cells can be detected in peritoneal fluid at the time of colorectal surgery. Peritoneal lavage in colorectal surgery for cancer is not used in routine, and the prognostic significance of intraperitoneal free cancer cells (IPCC) remains unclear. ⋯ Because of the important heterogeneity of IPCC determination in reported studies, no treatment have been proposed to patients with positive IPCC. Herein, we provide an overview of IPCC detection and its impact on recurrence and survival, and we suggest further multi-institutional studies to evaluate new treatment strategies.
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World J. Gastroenterol. · Feb 2014
ReviewSequencing of treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer: where to fit the target.
Colorectal cancer is a lethal disease if not discovered early. Even though appropriate screening and preventive strategies are in place in many countries, a significant number of patients are still diagnosed at late stages of the disease. The management of metastatic colorectal cancer remains a significant clinical challenge to oncologists worldwide. ⋯ Metastatic colorectal cancer patients have many treatment options; however, the optimal use and sequence of targeted agents remain to be determined. This review entails concise and updated clinical data on the management of metastatic colorectal cancer. The aim of the review is to determine where to fit the five biologic targets into the treatment algorithm of metastatic colorectal cancer patients and to derive treatment sequences that would achieve best clinical outcome based on the current available data.
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World J. Gastroenterol. · Feb 2014
Case ReportsLeptomeningeal carcinomatosis as the initial manifestation of gastric adenocarcinoma: a case report.
Leptomeningeal involvement is usually reported as a secondary event in advanced gastric carcinoma. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC), as the initial manifestation of asymptomatic gastric cancer, is exceedingly rare with only a few cases reported in recent years. The presenting neurologic symptoms include headache, vomiting and seizures and are usually clinically atypical. ⋯ Thus far, there is no standard therapy for LMC, and despite all measures, the prognosis of the condition is extremely poor. Here, we report on the clinical features and diagnostic procedures for a patient with occult gastric cancer with Bormann type I macroscopic appearance and poor differentiation in pathology, who presented with LMC-induced neurological symptoms as the initial clinical manifestation. Additionally, we review the similar cases reported over the past years, making comparison among cases in order to provide more information for the future diagnosis.
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World J. Gastroenterol. · Feb 2014
ZD 7288, an HCN channel blocker, attenuates chronic visceral pain in irritable bowel syndrome-like rats.
To investigate the effects of ZD 7288, a hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel blocker, on rats with chronic visceral pain. ⋯ Spinal HCN channels may play an important role in chronic visceral hypersensitivity.