Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Mechanism of action of oxygen ozone therapy in the treatment of disc herniation and low back pain.
In the low back syndrome the pain has a multifactorial origin and ozone can surprisingly display a number of beneficial effects ranging from the inhibition of inflammation, correction of ischemia and venous stasis, and finally inducing a reflex therapy effect by stimulating anti-nociceptor analgesic mechanisms. The intradiscal and intramuscular injection of oxygen-ozone is a successful approach comparable to other minimally invasive procedures, but the elucidation of the mechanisms of action remains elusive. This communication shortly reports the mechanisms of action of oxygen ozone therapy at the level of intervertebral disc and paravertebral muscles.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 inhibition reduces early brain injury in cortex after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
This study investigated the role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Sprague-Dawley male rats (n=30) between 250 and 300 g were used. SAH was produced by injecting autologous arterial blood into the prechiasmatic cistern. ⋯ Laminin, the substrate of MMP-9, was decreased at 24h after SAH, and SB-3CT prevented laminin degradation. The number of TUNEL-positive neurons in cerebral cortex was increased after SAH and decreased by SB-3CT (P<0.01). MMP-9 may be involved in EBI after SAH and inhibition of MMP-9 may reduce EBI in cerebral cortex.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Mucosal tolerance to brain antigens preserves endogenous TGFβ-1 and improves neurological outcomes following experimental craniotomy.
Intracranial surgery causes brain damage from cortical incisions, intraoperative hemorrhage, retraction, and electrocautery; collectively these injuries have recently been coined surgical brain injury (SBI). Inflammation following SBI contributes to neuronal damage. This study develops T-cells that are immunologically tolerant to brain antigen via the exposure of myelin basic protein (MBP) to airway mucosa. ⋯ Animals tolerized to MBP (SBI+MBP) had better postoperative neurological scores than SBI+Vehicle and SBI+OVA. SBI inhibited the cerebral expression TGFβ1 in PBS and OVA treated groups, whereas MBP treated-animals preserved preoperative levels. Mucosal tolerance to MBP leads to significant improvement in neurological outcome that is associated with the preservation of endogenous levels of brain TGFβ1.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2011
Deferoxamine reduces early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage.
The effect of subarachnoid hemoglobin on neuroglial cells contributing to early brain injury is unclear. Several intracerebral hemorrhage studies indicated that pathological iron deposition in the brain contributes to secondary brain injury. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between iron and neuroglial cell changes following SAH, and examine the effect of deferoxamine (DFX). ⋯ DFX treatment reduced brain non-heme iron concentration, ferritin expression and neuronal cell death at day 3 (P < 0.01) following SAH. These results suggest that excessive hemoglobin and iron overload play an important role in early brain injury following SAH. Acute treatment with DFX significantly ameliorates neuronal cell death and may be a potential therapeutic agent for SAH.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2010
Assessing the neurological outcome of traumatic acute subdural hematoma patients with and without primary decompressive craniectomies.
We have investigated the impact of primary decompressive craniectomies on neurological outcomes after adjusting for other predictive variables. ⋯ Primary decompressive craniectomy failed to show benefit in terms of neurological outcomes and should be reserved for cases with uncontrolled intra-operative brain swelling.