Australian nursing journal (July 1993)
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I.v. fluid selection depends on the estimated fluid loss, the primary fluid compartment involved, the patient's underlying problem and the physiological and haemodynamic impact of the i.v. solution. Clinically, the most important problem is intravascular fluid volume deficit, which is associated with hypotension, inadequate tissue oxygenation and hypoperfusion of essential organs. ⋯ Managing i.v. fluid administration requires close observation of the patient's subtle responses that may indicate states of fluid depletion or overload. Understanding the physiological principles of the body's fluid distribution in relation to the clinical assessment of the patient's hydration status, together with knowledge of the selected i.v. solution's properties, will enable the nurse to provide quality nursing care and improve patient outcomes.