Laryngologie, Rhinologie, Otologie
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Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) · Dec 1983
[Is there any progress in the treatment of squamous epithelial carcinoma of the oropharynx?].
The treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx still remains a problem because of the high rate of recurrence and the functional importance of the oropharynx in speech and swallowing. Although the technique of reconstruction after radical resection of the tumour has been considerably improved by the introduction of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, the need for an alternative treatment is evident in those patients with advanced tumours (T3/T4) and/or with a high risk in connection with prolonged anaesthesia and postoperative care. In some of these cases, intraarterial (i.a.) chemotherapy prior to irradiation is of increasing importance in inducing complete remission with only few side effects. Further improvement of the treatment schedules and concise application of the pharmacokinetic principles governing i.a. infusion will help to raise the prospects of curative treatment for advanced carcinoma of the oropharynx.
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Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) · Apr 1983
[Computed tomographic diagnosis of epidural abscess, subdural empyema, meningitis and brain abscess].
Computerised tomography cannot be of great help in diagnosing meningitis. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid remains essential. After the inflammation of the meninges has progressed to some stage of encephalitis, the formation of an abscess can be located via computed tomography. ⋯ Furthermore, computed tomography shows the adjacent anatomical structures and answers the questions of displacements and threatening invasion of the ventricle system. Epidural and subdural abscesses can also be located by computed tomography. Therapy can begin directly after computerised tomography, whereas in scintigraphy only a non-specific enhanced activity is present, which often does not allow differentiation between epidural and subdural location.
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Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) · Jul 1981
[For prevention of complications, especially postoperative bleeding, in tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (author's transl)].
Hemorrhages after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are the most frequent lethal complications except of the mortality due to incidents of anaesthesia. A precise clinical, personal and family history regarding bleeding disorders must be taken. ⋯ A careful surgical technique for removal of tonsils and adenoids and meticulous hemostasis reduce the danger of postoperative bleeding. An exact control after the operation helps prevent serious complications.
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Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) · Nov 1980
[Cuff damage of the tracheal mucosa in intubation. Experimental examinations of the trachea of the human corpse (author's transl)].
Changes of the submucous vascular network caused by compression were examined in tracheas of human bodies. Perfusing with a constant pressure of 150 mm Hg we varied the cuff pressure (high-pressure-cuffs: 100, 150 and 200 mm Hg, low-pressure-cuffs: 20, 30 and 40 mm Hg). ⋯ The modern low-pressure-cuffs can also cause deficiencies of filling in the submucous vessels, even though rather low pressures are used. Those results are in accordance with the ones found by other authors by experiments with animals.
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Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) · Sep 1980
Case Reports[On the central-nervous localization of the anosmia-ageusia-syndrome (author's transl)].
After head-injury about 50% of our own patients show combined lesion of the senses of smell and taste. The discussion of the localization of the responsible defect is not closed. The results of a chemosensory test battery indicate that the thalamic nucleus ventroposteromedialis belongs to the damaged area. This nucleus is in contact with the gustatory tract, with mechanoreceptive impulses out of the upper airways, and with olfactory sensations.