British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
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Br J Obstet Gynaecol · Sep 1998
The impact of rubella immunisation on the incidence of rubella, congenital rubella syndrome and rubella-related terminations of pregnancy in South Australia.
To describe the impact of rubella immunisation on the incidence of rubella, congenital rubella syndrome and rubella-related terminations of pregnancy in South Australia, and to identify factors associated with a re-emerging problem. ⋯ Since the introduction of rubella immunisation, the incidence of rubella infection among women of reproductive age, and of rubella-related terminations, has fallen. Congenital rubella syndrome has not been notified since 1990 but its risk persists with a recent increase in rubella notifications, a fall in school immunisation rates, a relatively low antenatal sero-positive rate among older Asian women born overseas and the trend towards giving birth at older ages. Effective immunisation programmes must be maintained, particularly in schools and for young children and migrant women.
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Br J Obstet Gynaecol · Sep 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomised placebo controlled trial of oral misoprostol in the third stage of labour.
To compare oral misoprostol 400 microg with placebo in the routine management of the third stage of labour. ⋯ Shivering has been shown in this study to be a specific side effect of misoprostol administered orally in the puerperium. No serious side effects were noted. Misoprostol shows promise as a method of preventing postpartum haemorrhage. Because of the potential benefits for childbearing women, particularly those in developing countries, further research to determine its effects with greater certainty should be expedited.
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To determine the level of near-miss maternal mortality and morbidity due to severe obstetrical complications or maternal disease in a tertiary maternity hospital. ⋯ A review of near-miss maternal mortality helps delineate the continuing threats to maternal health and the type of support services most commonly required.
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Br J Obstet Gynaecol · Aug 1998
ReviewThe association between maternal HIV infection and perinatal outcome: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.
To investigate the association between maternal HIV infection and perinatal outcome by a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. ⋯ The findings of this review have implications for women infected with HIV who are planning a pregnancy or who find themselves pregnant. There appears to be an association, although not strong, between maternal HIV infection and an adverse perinatal outcome. This relationship may be due to bias including uncontrolled or residual confounding. There does, however, appear to be a real and large increase in the risk of infant death in developing countries associated with maternal HIV infection, especially so when there has been an attempt to control for confounding.