Recenti progressi in medicina
-
Diabetes is on the rise world wide; according to the latest report from the International Diabetes Federation, the number of people affected by the disease will increase by 55% from 382 in 2013 to almost 600 million in 2033. Individuals living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes are at increased risk for depression and anxiety. ⋯ Transforming study results into actions at the national level will represent one of the main activities of the DAWN2 initiative. In Italy, to do so, it is not enough write new documents but new resources are required.
-
"Rare" diseases are a family of different disorders or conditions affecting fewer than 1/2000 in the general population. Among them, 150 involve respiratory system. ⋯ The aim of our review is to describe a possible global approach to the management of these diseases trying to take a picture of the overall complexity of the field. We also want to highlight the role played by research on rare diseases pathogenesis in revealing, at least in part, mechanisms underlying many of "more common" disorders with the purpose to update the current state of knowledge.
-
Comparative Study
[Burnout syndrome in pre-hospital and hospital emergency. Cognitive study in two cohorts of nurses].
Burnout syndrome (BOS) associated with stress has been documented in health care professionals in many specialties. The emergency department and the pre-hospital healthcare services are highly stressful environments. Little is known about the BOS in critical care nursing staff. The objective of the study is to compare the incidence of BOS and its three domains, namely, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced professional accomplishment, in two cohorts of critical care nurses: a pre-hospital and a hospital emergency service. ⋯ At least two-thirds of critical care nursing staff had a severe BOS. The incidence of BOS appeared to be similar among PHES and HES nurses with a higher trend for the former. Further interventional studies are needed to investigate the determinants of BOS among critical care nurses and the potentially preventive strategies.
-
A 78-year-old man presented to the emergency department with symptoms and signs suggestive of heart failure. Only after a long interview we discovered that the patient has been eating, for over 20 years, only chestnut honey and chestnut jam produced by himself. ⋯ The clinical picture was attributable to Beriberi, and the patient recovered promptly after treatment with thiamine. A high clinical suspicion and an early thiamine supplementation might shorten the duration of work-up and hospital length of stay, as well as prevent extensive and expensive diagnostic work-up, thus simplifying the clinical management.
-
The effectiveness of the World Health Organization's (WHO) surgical safety checklist (SSCL) in decreasing mortality and morbidity of surgical procedures was firstly suggested in 2009; the checklist is now strongly recommended internationally for adoption as a highly effective yet economically simple intervention. However, since 2009 several published studies have reported inconsistent results, besides many issues concerning local implementation. Drawing on the recently published experience carried out in Ontario, a concise overview of the current debate is presented, with some comments on implications for the national healthcare system in Italy. More generally, the need to include the implementation of the SSCL in a larger effort addressing safety in surgery is pointed out.