Pediatric nursing
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A review of the changes in casting since the introduction of improved synthetic casting materials in the 1970s is presented. There is very little in the literature on nursing implications regarding the newer casting materials. ⋯ Though the use of synthetic casting predominates the market, plaster of Paris is still the mainstay for serial casting and casting requiring superior moldability and conformability. The advantages and disadvantages of synthetic and plaster of Paris casting, as well as nursing care of the child in each type of cast are summarized.
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Family Voices is a national grassroots clearing-house for information and education concerning the health care of children with special health needs. Through the collective efforts of volunteer Coordinators in each state, 10 Regional Coordinators, and a small staff, Family Voices keeps aware of and involved in public and private sector health care changes that affect children and families. Family Voices, over 10,000 members strong, works in partnership with health care providers in public and private hospitals, public health programs, in state capitals, and Washington, DC to bring the family perspective to policy discussions and decisions. Pediatric nurses are invited to work in partnership with Family Voices to advocate for children and families.
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This analysis of retrospective and prospective data quantified children (age range 0-18 years, total n = 132) during their stay in a cardiothoracic intensive care unit and examined pain management and sedation practices. Data on both factors that could potentially affect pain and its management, and analgesics/sedatives ordered for and administered to subjects were collected from chart review. In the prospective group, pain intensity was measured twice daily using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. ⋯ Significantly greater amounts of analgesia were received by the 0-3 year-old subjects. Large amounts of sedation were used, especially in children under 3 years of age. The results prompted development of a nursing standard to assess and manage pain and sedation in this population.
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To evaluate the reliability and validity of the FLACC Pain Assessment Tool which incorporates five categories of pain behaviors: facial expression; leg movement; activity; cry; and consolability. ⋯ The FLACC provides a simple framework for quantifying pain behaviors in children who may not be able to verbalize the presence or severity of pain. Our preliminary data indicates the FLACC pain assessment tool is valid and reliable.
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Review Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Circumcision anesthesia: a study of nursing implications for dorsal penile nerve block.
To compare responses to circumcision between a group of unanesthetized newborn males and a group having dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB). ⋯ The unanesthetized subjects displayed stress reactions that have implications for nursing care.