TheScientificWorldJournal
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TheScientificWorldJournal · Jan 2006
Parental knowledge on car safety for children: an Israeli survey.
The objective of this study was to assess the level of parental car safety knowledge and actual behavior regarding their children under the age of 15 years. This study forms part of the National Center for Child Safety and Health in Israel (Beterem) program to examine awareness on child safety. Seven hundred and five Jewish families with at least one child at home younger than 15 years (a total of 1,345 children) were used as a randomized sample of the Jewish population. ⋯ The average of incorrect answers was 4.86 out of 7 (SD=1.45) correlated with low socioeconomic status. Concerning care safety behavior 60% percent of babies and 38% of toddlers were not restrained properly. This study should alert planners and policy makers to the need of implementation of educational prevention programs for the Israeli public of parents concerning car safety for children in order to reduce childhood injury.
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TheScientificWorldJournal · Jan 2006
Case ReportsRespiratory distress secondary to esophageal foreign body: a case report.
The ingestion or aspiration of a foreign body is a common, but preventable occurrence in childhood. Primary healthcare personnel should alert parents to the risk of swallowing a foreign object, the signs and the need for immediate medical attention. ⋯ A case of an eight year old child, who had swallowed a marble ball is presented and the symptoms and intervention discussed. Medical staff should be aware of the symptomatic variation in ingested foreign body presentation and the importance of rapid diagnosis and management.
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TheScientificWorldJournal · Jan 2006
ReviewPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and shock state.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors that are related to retinoid, steroid, and thyroid hormone receptors. Three isotypes of PPARs have been identified: alpha, beta/delta, and gamma, encoded by different genes and distributed in various tissues. ⋯ Moreover, PPARs modulate the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of immune cells. This review presents the current state of knowledge regarding the involvement of PPARs in the control of inflammatory response, and their potential therapeutic applications in several types of shock, as well as hemorrhagic, septic, and nonseptic shock.
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TheScientificWorldJournal · Jan 2006
ReviewHubble bubble equals trouble: the hazards of water pipe smoking.
A Narghile, one of the names for a water pipe, is an instrument for tobacco smoking that has became a trend among the youth in Israel. The mistaken opinion that smoking a Narghile is not as dangerous as smoking cigarettes makes the youngsters and their parents take it lightly and contributes to the expansion of its use. ⋯ The health hazards that the Narghile smoker is exposed to include interference with oxidation, damage to genetic compounds, increased risk of developing malignancies, infectious diseases, damage to the fetus and newborn, and exposure to commonly abused chemicals. It is concluded that increased awareness of the expanded use of the Narghile is imperative and education programs about the prevention of cigarette smoking and substance abuse should also include Narghile smoking.
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Empathy is the ability to experience and understand what others feel without confusion between oneself and others. Knowing what someone else is feeling plays a fundamental role in interpersonal interactions. ⋯ Furthermore, awareness of a distinction between the experiences of the self and others constitutes a crucial aspect of empathy. We discuss data from recent behavioral and functional neuroimaging studies with an emphasis on the perception of pain in others, and highlight the role of different neural mechanisms that underpin the experience of empathy, including emotion sharing, perspective taking, and emotion regulation.