BMJ supportive & palliative care
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BMJ Support Palliat Care · Mar 2013
Case ReportsPaediatric palliative care: intravenous methylnaltrexone relieves constipation.
Methylnaltrexone, a peripheral opioid μ-receptor antagonist is licensed for subcutaneous administration for the treatment of severe opioid-induced constipation in adults. We describe the use of intravenous methylnaltrexone in a 3-year-old boy receiving a subcutaneous diamorphine infusion for palliation from widely metastatic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. ⋯ There were no side effects noted during or following injection, and no clinically apparent reduction in analgesia. Intravenous methylnaltrexone may provide a valuable additional treatment option in paediatric palliative care, especially for those with an oncological diagnosis, the majority of whom will have indwelling central venous access devices.
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BMJ Support Palliat Care · Mar 2013
'I wish I knew more ...' the end-of-life planning and information needs for end-stage fibrotic interstitial lung disease: views of patients, carers and health professionals.
The importance at the end of life of developing effective communication and meeting information needs is recognised as being central to enhance patient and family centred experience. This qualitative study aimed to explore understanding of the disease, preferences regarding end-of-life planning, and views on communication and coordination of care in patients with Progressive Idiopathic Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease (PIF-ILD). Twelve semistructured in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted among PIF-ILD patients and carers attending two London hospitals. ⋯ Health professionals recognised the difficulty of balancing information needs with maintaining hope. No participants were aware of any palliative care input, and no participants had considered important end-of-life issues, such as preferred place of care and preferred place of death. Our work shows that palliative interventions need to be developed for this group of patients which should aim to improve communication and coordination of care, while facilitating discussions surrounding information needs and important end-of-life preferences.
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BMJ Support Palliat Care · Mar 2013
Collaborative palliative care for advanced heart failure: outcomes and costs from the 'Better Together' pilot study.
Patients with heart failure often receive little supportive or palliative care. 'Better Together' was a 2-year pilot study of a palliative care service for patients with advanced congestive heart failure (CHF). ⋯ This pilot study provides tentative evidence that a collaborative home-based palliative care service for patients with advanced CHF may increase the likelihood of death in place of choice and reduce inpatient admissions. These findings require confirmation using a more robust methodological framework.
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BMJ Support Palliat Care · Mar 2013
Uptake of methylnaltrexone in Australian patients with opioid-induced constipation: a review of the number of prescriptions presented in the first 12 months of subsidisation.
Disturbed bowel habits are very common in palliative care patients, most commonly thought to be due to opioid use. The peripheral opioid-antagonist methylnaltrexone has been subsidised in Australia to ensure that palliative care patients have timely and equitable access to this medication. The aim of this paper is to describe the use of methylnaltrexone in the first year after it was subsidised for palliative care, in particular focusing on the actual use of this medication compared with predicted need. ⋯ These data highlight much lower use of methylnaltrexone than predicted and raise a number of questions including the fact that the palliative care literature emphasises opioids as the dominant cause of constipation in palliative care patients given little ongoing use of methylnaltrexone.
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BMJ Support Palliat Care · Mar 2013
ReviewInstruments used to measure the effectiveness of palliative care education initiatives at the undergraduate level: a critical literature review.
The increase in the numbers of patients with palliative care needs has resulted in growing pressures on the small number of specialist palliative care providers within the New Zealand context. These pressures can potentially be eased by ensuring an adequately trained workforce, beginning with undergraduate training in the healthcare field. The goal of the present review is to ascertain what tools exist to measure the effectiveness of undergraduate palliative care education initiatives. ⋯ The increased focus by educational institutions on instilling palliative care skills in healthcare students necessitates the development of comprehensive and validated tools to evaluate the effectiveness of education initiatives.