Der Radiologe
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Severe neurologic complications have been rarely reported during novel pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus infections. We describe the case of an 10-year-old boy with new onset seizures and proven influenza A(H1N1) 2009 infection showing a reversible hyperintense lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum on T2-weighted and FLAIR magnetic resonance images without contrast enhancement. Transient splenial lesions have been described in the context of virus encephalopathy and do not require specific treatment.
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Despite further improvement of diagnostic procedures and the management of patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage it is still a severe clinical condition often worsened by several secondary complications after the initial bleeding. The most important and most frequent are early rehemorraging, cerebral vasospasm and the development of hydrocephalus. In addition there are many other sequelae, such as disturbances of electrolytes, seizures and the general complications of intensive care medicine which can greatly influence clinical outcome. This report provides an overview of the possible mechanisms for the development of complications, the typical temporary course and the currently available therapeutic strategies, in particular focused on the role of diagnostic imaging in early detection of these pathological conditions.
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage is characterized by the extravasation of blood into the spaces covering the central nervous system which are filled with cerebrospinal fluid. The leading cause of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage is rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. ⋯ The characteristic appearance of extravasated blood is hyperdense. Head CT scanning can also demonstrate intraparenchymal hematomas, hydrocephalus and cerebral edema and can help predict the site of aneurysm rupture.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of incidental cardiac findings in non-ECG-gated chest CT. ⋯ Incidental cardiac findings are frequent in non-ECG-gated chest CT and may have a high clinical relevance.
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thoracolumbar distraction injuries (AO classification type B) with damage to the posterior ligament complex (PLC) represent an indication for surgery but the use of X-ray and CT imaging often does not identify injuries of the PLC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound imaging in the assessment of the PLC status in thoracolumbar fractures of the spine. ⋯ the use of ultrasound examination in thoracolumbar fractures is a suitable diagnostic tool for injuries of the posterior ligament complex in addition to radiological imaging.