Radiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Can neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin help depict early contrast material-induced nephropathy?
To evaluate the utility of serum and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in depicting an event of contrast material-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients who received iodinated contrast media, gadoterate meglumine, or radiopharmaceutical technetium-99m ((99m)Tc) and to evaluate the protective effect exerted by isotonic saline infusion, sodium bicarbonate administration, or N-acetylcysteine administration. ⋯ http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12120578/-/DC1.
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To determine the energy levels that provide optimal imaging of thoracic circulation at dual-energy computed tomographic (CT) angiography with reduced iodine load in comparison with a standard technique. ⋯ http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12120195/-/DC1.
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To evaluate whether quantitative diffusion-tensor tractography can show abnormalities in long association tracts of subjects with symptoms after traumatic brain injury without any visible signs of intracranial or intraparenchymal abnormalities of obvious traumatic origin at routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to determine the number and type of these abnormalities. ⋯ http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12112570/-/DC1.
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Review Meta Analysis
Frequency of acute kidney injury following intravenous contrast medium administration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled studies examining the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and other outcomes in patients exposed to intravenous (i.v.) contrast medium compared with patients who underwent an imaging examination without contrast medium or were otherwise unexposed (control group). ⋯ http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12121460/-/DC1.
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Instruments that combine positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have recently been assembled for use in humans, and may have diagnostic performance superior to that of PET/computed tomography (CT) for particular clinical and research applications. MR imaging has major strengths compared with CT, including superior soft-tissue contrast resolution, multiplanar image acquisition, and functional imaging capability through specialized techniques such as diffusion-tensor imaging, diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging, functional MR imaging, MR elastography, MR spectroscopy, perfusion-weighted imaging, MR imaging with very short echo times, and the availability of some targeted MR imaging contrast agents. Furthermore, the lack of ionizing radiation from MR imaging is highly appealing, particularly when pediatric, young adult, or pregnant patients are to be imaged, and the safety profile of MR imaging contrast agents compares very favorably with iodinated CT contrast agents. MR imaging also can be used to guide PET image reconstruction, partial volume correction, and motion compensation for more accurate disease quantification and can improve anatomic localization of sites of radiotracer uptake, improve diagnostic performance, and provide for comprehensive regional and global structural, functional, and molecular assessment of various clinical disorders. In this review, we discuss the historical development, software-based registration, instrumentation and design, quantification issues, potential clinical applications, potential clinical roles of image segmentation and global disease assessment, and challenges related to PET/MR imaging. ⋯ http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.13121038/-/DC1.