Radiology
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To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) elastography as a method to help diagnose clinically substantial fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and, by using MR elastography as a reference standard, to compare various laboratory marker panels in the identification of patients with NAFLD and advanced fibrosis. ⋯ MR elastography is a useful diagnostic tool for detecting advanced fibrosis in NAFLD. Of the laboratory-based methods, the NAFLD fibrosis and FIB-4 scores can most reliably detect advanced fibrosis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Interstitial lung abnormalities in a CT lung cancer screening population: prevalence and progression rate.
To determine the prevalence of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) at initial computed tomography (CT) examination and the rate of progression of ILAs on 2-year follow-up CT images in a National Lung Screening Trial population studied at a single site. ⋯ ILA is common in cigarette smokers. Nonfibrotic ILA improved in about 50% of cases, and fibrotic ILA progressed in about 37%.
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To investigate the topologic reorganization of the default-mode network (DMN) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and whether, relative to healthy control subjects, patients with MCI would be more likely to show disrupted functional connectivity and altered topological configuration of the DMN during the memory task compared with that observed during the resting state. ⋯ This study suggests the early onset functional reorganization of the DMN toward a nonoptimized regularity configuration in aMCI and expands the understanding of dynamic functional reorganization in brain networks along the continuum from normal aging to AD dementia.
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To compare diagnostic accuracy of T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with that of multiparametric (MP) MR imaging combining T2-weighted imaging with diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging, dynamic contrast material-enhanced (DCE) MR imaging, or both in the detection of locally recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) after radiation therapy (RT). ⋯ MP MR imaging has greater accuracy in the detection of recurrent PCa after RT than T2-weighted imaging alone, with no additional benefit if DCE is added to T2-weighted imaging and DW imaging.
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To evaluate disk degeneration in human and animal models by using a T1ρ magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique to help in understanding the natural history and progression of intervertebral disk degeneration. ⋯ The data demonstrate that rapid intervertebral disk degeneration occurs early in the degenerative cascade, between Pfirrmann grades II and III.