MMW Fortschritte der Medizin
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Obesity, defined as a body mass index of 30 kg/m2, or more is considered to be the decisive factor for the development of the metabolic syndrome and numerous other diseases prevalent in affluent societies. The high level of comorbidity and the shortening of life expectation underscore the need for an evidence-based, risk-stratified treatment strategy. Major elements of the latter are a hypocaloric diet that is also satiating, an increase in physical activity, specific behavioral changes and, where indicated, weight-reducing medication. For the treatment of extreme obesity, such surgical procedures as gastric banding or a gastric bypass are also available.
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The peripheral vestibular organ within the bony labyrinth of the inner ear is closely connected to the other parts of the equilibrium system. As a result of its constant active interaction with the other elements, it plays a major role in ensuring that we can maintain our balance. In the event of a disorder, otogenic vertigo can occur. ⋯ Common differential diagnoses include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuropathy. These can be readily differentiated by applying a systematic approach, and usually respond to treatment. In recent years, improved diagnostic tools have made it possible to test the functioning of the otolith organs, and this may lead to new therapeutic options in labyrinthine vertigo in the future.