MMW Fortschritte der Medizin
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Otorrhea is an ambiguous symptom that underlies diverse clinical pictures. Fundamentally, the treatment of uncomplicated acute otitis externa and media can be carried out by the family physician. An ENT specialist should be definitely consulted in cases of complications or development of a chronic condition.
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Sleep disorders could be the symptoms of organic or non-organic conditions. The diagnostics comprises a detailed medical history of the patient complemented by a sleep diary, as well as organic medical and psychological/psychiatric examinations. ⋯ Nondrug strategies include sleep hygiene, stimulus control, sleep restriction and cognitive techniques. For sleep disturbances due to a psychological or organic disease, the primary condition must be treated.
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The diagnosis of restless legs syndrome is made on the basis of the clinical symptoms and, if applicable, complemented with a polysomnography. This is followed by neurophysiological examinations and laboratory diagnostics and permits a differentiation between idiopathic and secondary RLS. ⋯ An idiopathic RLS is treated with drugs. Primarily, L-dopa/benserazide and dopaminergic agonists are used, but opioids and anticonvulsants are also successful.