Revista brasileira de anestesiologia
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jun 2004
[Volume and pressure of tracheal tube cuffs filled with air or nitrous oxide.].
Tracheal tube cuff pressure against tracheal wall should to prevent air leaked or pulmonary aspiration, allowing adequate capillary blood flow. This study aimed at determining pressure variations of tracheal tube cuffs filled with air or 100% nitrous oxide. ⋯ 100% nitrous oxide to fill tracheal tube cuffs is not a safe method resulting in progressive air leakage. The cuff air promotes volume and pressure increase, with higher chances for tracheal mucosa injury.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jun 2004
[Effects of pneumoperitoneum on renal hemodynamics and function of dogs under volume and pressure-controlled ventilation.].
There are no studies associating ventilatory mode effects on renal repercussions during pneumoperitoneum. This study aimed at evaluating pneumoperitoneum-induced renal hemodynamics and function changes in dogs under volume and pressure controlled ventilation. ⋯ Ventilatory modes have not promoted renal hemodynamic differences between groups. Pneumoperitoneum, by compressing renal parenchyma, may have determined changes in potassium reabsorption and/or secretion.
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Though universally employed, clinical signs to evaluate anesthetic adequacy are not reliable. Over the past years several pieces of equipment have been devised to improve intraoperative handling of anesthetic drugs, some of them directly measuring cerebral cortical activity (hypnosis). None of them, however, has offered the possibility of directly evaluating sub-cortical activity (motor response). ⋯ Frontal muscles activation may indicate inadequacy of the subcortical component (nociception). Such activation appears as a gap between SE and RE. This, it is possible to directly evaluate both cortical (SE) and subcortical (RE) components providing better anesthetic adequacy.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jun 2004
[Relationship between dexmedetomidine continuous infusion and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration, monitored by bispectral analysis.].
General inhalational anesthesia associated with intravenous agents provides analgesia and hypnosis of better quality. Dexmedetomidine is a specific a2-adrenergic agonist with these characteristics and is known by providing hemodynamic stability. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of dexmedetomidine continuous infusion on end-tidal sevoflurane concentration (ETsevo) in general anesthesia, monitored by EEG spectral index (BIS). ⋯ The association of dexmedetomidine continuous infusion (0,5 microg.kg-1.h-1) to inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane provided end-tidal sevoflurane concentration decrease while maintaining hemodynamic stability.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jun 2004
[Low isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine doses for unilateral spinal anesthesia.].
Unilateral spinal anesthesia may be advantageous, especially in the outpatient setting. Low local anesthetic doses, slow spinal injection rate and the lateral position have been related to the easiness of inducing unilateral spinal anesthesia. This study aimed at investigating the possibility of inducing unilateral spinal anesthesia with isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine. ⋯ Isobaric bupivacaine (5 mg) provides predominant unilateral block after 20 minutes in the lateral position. Isobaric bupivacaine moves in the CSF after 20 minutes resulting in just 28% unilateral blocks. Major advantages of unilateral spinal anesthesia are hemodynamic stability and short duration and it might be a new alternative for outpatient procedures.