Revista brasileira de anestesiologia
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Sep 2002
[Dexmedetomidine and sufentanil as intraoperative analgesics: comparative study.].
The use of alpha2-agonists to control heart rate and blood pressure, to attenuate hemodynamic responses to tracheal intubation and extubation and to reduce anesthetics requirement are already well established in the literature since clonidine introduction for therapeutic use. Dexmedetomidine, recently approved for clinical use, presents more alpha2-adrenergic receptors selectively, and therefore less adverse effects combined with marked analgesic and sedative properties. This has raised the interest in using it to replace opioids, known for their potent analgesic and sedative properties. This study aimed at comparing dexmedetomidine and sufentanil analgesias during continuous infusion for ENT, head and neck procedures. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine as intraoperative analgesic was more effective as compared to sufentanil in the procedures selected for this study regarding hemodynamic stability, emergence and anesthetic recovery conditions.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jul 2002
[Efficacy of propofol and propofol plus dexamethasone in controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting of gynecologic laparoscopy.].
Gynecological laparoscopy is a procedure associated to a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This study aimed at comparing the efficacy of propofol or propofol plus dexamethasone in preventing PONV in patients submitted to gynecological laparoscopy. ⋯ Propofol or propofol plus dexamethasone were efficient in preventing PONV in patients submitted to gynecological laparoscopy.
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Although rare, spinal anesthesia-induced neurological complications may determine serious sequelae. This study aimed at presenting these complications in order to elucidate triggering factors and help in the diagnosis of such injuries. ⋯ The understanding of triggering factors of spinal anesthesia-induced neurological complications may prevent injuries and help early diagnosis and treatment, therefore changing patients prognosis.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Jul 2002
[Remifentanil associated to propofol or sevoflurane for videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparative study.].
Different intravenous, inhalational or combined anesthetic techniques have been used for videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study aimed at comparing hemodynamic parameters, anesthetic recovery and side-effects of remifentanil associated to propofol or sevoflurane. ⋯ Both techniques decrease blood pressure and heart rate. Anesthetic recovery was similar for both techniques. A higher incidence of vomiting was observed when remifentanil was associated to sevoflurane.
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Respiratory complications are responsible for a major number of elderly deaths after surgical procedures. Aging entails an important decrease in respiratory system functional reserves, while an increasing number of elderly people are being submitted to increasingly complex procedures. This study is a review of the respiratory system during aging and of anesthesia-induced changes in the elderly, emphasizing preoperative evaluation of respiratory function, postoperative pulmonary complications and details of anesthetic management. ⋯ Aging brings about several respiratory system changes. Evidences have shown that, even in the absence of pulmonary disease, advanced age is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications. It is necessary a thorough evaluation of preoperative respiratory function, adequate anesthetic management and specific postoperative care.