Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských
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Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2007
Review[Ten years since the successful introduction of the first monoclonal antibody (rituximab) into the therapy of lymphomas].
Cancer treatment is based on combination of systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The new methods of therapy based on biological priniciples have been introduced within last decade. The monoclonal antibody rituximab was launched ten years ago in 1997. ⋯ Rituximab has become the inevitable part of therapeutic regimens for other B-cell lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia as well as for some non-malignant diseases. The important milestones, the therapeutic results of rituximab and other approved monoclonal antibodies (alemtuzumab, ibritumomab tiuxetan 90Y) is reviewed in this paper as well as short compendium of new antibodies is given. The cost effectiveness of the new therapy is discussed.
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Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2007
[The use of thrombelastography in evaluation of coagulation in females with physiological or pathological gravidity].
During gravidity changes in coagulation develop, however different norms for pregnant women and prevailing population are rarely used. Pathological gravidity can be accompanied with more significant coagulopathies. Thrombelastography is more and more frequently used for evaluation of coagulation parameters of pregnant women. The aim of the study was to compare thrombelastographic coagulation parameters in females with physiological or pathological gravidity and with norms for prevailing population. ⋯ Coagulation during pregnancy differs significantly from that of prevailing population. That is why the new thrombelastographic norms for pregnant women are submitted. Coagulation changes in pathological pregnancies are more difficult to anticipate than in healthy gestations.
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Polymorphisms in drug metabolizing enzymes are considered as a major factor influencing the incidence of adverse drug reactions or failure of pharmacotherapy. Our aim was to compare the distribution of functional polymorphisms in the genes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 between healthy control group and of patients reffered to our department due to adverse drug reactions or insufficient efficacy of a treatment. ⋯ Clinically apparent alteration of drug effects are often caused by partial or complete deficit of CYP2D6 activity. Our results confirm the importance of CYP2D6 polymorphisms on the efficycy and safety of pharmacotherapy.
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Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2007
[Effect of surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation on the attainment and maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery--short-term results].
Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent sustained arrhythmia. It is associated with higher morbidity and mortality of patients. Cryoablation was introduced to the current practise in cardiac surgery as a non-pharmacological method of therapy of atrial fibrillation. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation on the attainment and maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery. ⋯ Perioperative ablation of atrial fibrillation using cryoenergy is effective therapeutic method for restoring and maintenance of sinus rhythm in relatively high proportion of patients. The most significant predictors of late recurrence are preoperative atrial size and duration of atrial fibrillation. This non-pharmacological method should be routinely used in patients undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery.
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Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2007
[Knowledge level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in secondary school students of non-medical specialisation in the Czech Republic].
Knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential part of the first aid skill. Constant attention is given to education in CPR mainly among adolescents. The aim of our epidemiological study was to asses the actual level of theoretical knowledge in CPR. ⋯ Our results demonstrate that in spite of the effort to increase the level of knowledge in CPR in laymen, the actual level of knowledge is low and more frequent repetition of courses should be considered. In the future, we shall evaluate the effectiveness of new educational film.