Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva
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Rev Bras Ter Intensiva · Mar 2009
Confusion assessment method to analyze delirium in intensive care unit: literature review.
Delirium is frequently observed in intensive care unit patients and its occurrence is related to increased morbidity and mortality, length of stay, functional decline and high costs. The Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit is a tool that facilitates early identification and occurrence of delirium among intubated patients. ⋯ To verify the aspects of delirium studied by means of the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. A literature review was conducted in the LILACS, MedLine, PubMed and CINAHL databases, from 2001, when the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit was validated, to 2008. Descriptors used for LILACS, MedLine and PubMed were delirium and intensive care unit, while for the CINAHL database, delirium and intensive care were used. From 293 articles, 35 were selected. The aspects analyzed disclosed, different types of delirium in different intensive care units. Variation in sensitivity was of 93% to 100% and variation in specificity, 89% to 100% of the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit, an important tool for detection, characterization and control of delirium and its impact. The aspects of delirium studied by means of the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit were: the performance index, identification, management, cost of treatment, morbidity and mortality due to delirium.
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To know the needs and level of family members' satisfaction is an essential part of the care provided to critically ill patients in intensive care units. The objective of this study was to identify the level of family members' satisfaction in an intensive care unit. ⋯ Most family members positively evaluated the intensive care unit professionals in the questions related to communication, attitude and patient care. However, there was a lower level of satisfaction in the questions related to the intensive care unit professionals' ability to comfort family members.
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Rev Bras Ter Intensiva · Mar 2009
High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatrics and neonatology.
This article intends to review literature on high frequency oscillatory ventilation and describe its main clinical applications for children and neonates. Articles from the last 15 years were selected using MedLine and SciElo databases. The following key words were used: high frequency oscillatory ventilation, mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, children, and new-born. ⋯ It may be also useful in the air leak syndrome and obstructive pulmonary disease. Evidence that, in neonates, high frequency oscillatory ventilation is superior to conventional mechanical ventilation is lacking. However there is evidence that better results are only achieved with this ventilatory mode to manage the air leak syndrome.