Voenno-medit͡sinskiĭ zhurnal
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Biography Historical Article
[Scientific heritage of N.I.Pirogov in "Military-Medical Magazine"].
The article is concerned with 8 publications of N. I. Pirogov, printed in "Military-Medical magazine", including the publication about the first usage of ether anesthesia on the battlefield. The articles hold timeliness not only as works which are rich in matter, but also as examples of scientific statement.
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The author analyzed the career of the great Russian surgeon Nicolay Pirogov (1810-1881). The analysis of Pirogov's honors shows that despite of early European and all-Russian fame, serving heartily and fervently, he passed all scales of "The table of ranks" and didn't step over the honors, getting them in strict sequence. It shows that he didn't reach after ranks, honors. These honors were finding the eminent doctor, surgeon, teacher, scientist and public figure of Russia in the 19th century.
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Acute massive blood loss (AMBL) of severe and extremely severe degree is still one of the leading causes of unfavourable traumatic disease. 95% of potentially preventable lethal outcomes in severe gunshot trauma is reported to depend largely on the adequacy of AMBL correction (Howard P., 2003). An alternate approach to the issue studied was the development of preparations of hyperosmotic saline solutions (7.5% sodium chloride) combined with hyperoncotic colloid solutions (dextrans, hetastarch). As a result, solutions were developed (so-called, hyperosmotic hyperoncotic volume expanders) allowing to achieve rapid and stable volemic and hemodynamic effect in case of low volume infusion (usually, 4 ml/kg of body weight). The present study allowed to conclude that "low infusion resuscitation" technique in patients with multiple trauma accompanied by acute massive blood loss of extremely severe degree enables to reduce lethality, to achieve early subcompesatory hemodynamic state in acute traumatic disease.
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The history of the 80-year activity of the Institute of Military Medicine, established in the Workers and Peasants, Red Army, Soviet Union. The Institute was founded in 1930 in Moscow and was originally called the Military Sanitary Institute. In a subsequent Institute repeatedly reformed, had different names, with the first years of its existence, has made and continues to contribute significantly to the development of means of medical services and other medical devices. The concrete results of operations and information about the staff are established.
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The article reflects the results of the experiment of skin disease reduction in the Airborne troops. Some aspects of skin disease in the individual armed services are revealed, the reasons of its increase in comparison with the analogous data in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in whole, concrete measures to reduce the number of diseases are offered. The most effective interventions are clothing exchange and bath operations 2 times a week, as well as the use of personal hygiene kits.