Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU
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Comparative Study
Reduced flow velocity in the internal carotid artery independently of cardiac hemodynamics in patients with cerebral ischemia.
To retrospectively investigate the relationships between carotid flow velocities, clinical features and cardiac hemodynamics to assess the meaning and significance of reduced carotid flow velocities in patients with cerebral ischemic symptoms. ⋯ Cardiac hemodynamics and carotid flow velocities are significantly related, only on the left side, probably due to larger hemodynamic stress. Increased intracerebral circulatory resistance is probably involved in the decrease in carotid flow velocity and increase in PI in patients with cerebral ischemic symptoms.
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To evaluate the accuracy of transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography using different criteria for predicting cerebral infarction due to symptomatic vasospasm. ⋯ Vasospasm on TCD was found to be predictive of symptomatic cerebral infarction on CT, but its positive predictive value remained low despite the adoption of restrictive TCD criteria for vasospasm.
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We describe the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein following several failed attempts of right jugular catheter insertion. Sonographic examination revealed an AVF between both vessels with a high-velocity turbulent flow inside and an arterialized waveform in the jugular vein. Angiography confirmed the sonographic findings, and endovascular treatment was performed with a covered stent.
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Case Reports
Sonographic diagnosis of a toothpick traversing the duodenum and penetrating into the liver.
Ingested foreign bodies rarely cause gastrointestinal perforation, because the majority are passed out uneventfully in the feces. However, long, sharp, slender, hard, indigestible objects such as toothpicks are dangerous and may lead to potentially life-threatening complications. ⋯ Although laparotomy was not performed because of the patient's refusal to undergo surgery, the liver abscess and sepsis were controlled successfully with antibiotics. We also conducted a literature search for reports on injuries caused by ingested toothpicks.
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Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland is very rare, with an acute abscess formation being the least common form of presentation. We report the sono-graphic features of two cases of tuberculous thyroid abscess that were confirmed via ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy.