JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
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To determine the coagulation abnormalities and relationship between abnormal clotting tests and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) among chronic liver disease (CLD) patients admitted at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. ⋯ Coagulation abnormalities were profound in CLD. Decrease platelet counts and fibrinogen levels were related with GI bleeding but PT and aPTT were not significantly related with GI bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease. Nevertheless, these parameters (PT and aPTT) were still used as prognostic markers.
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To assess knowledge and attitudes of Pakistani women towards different options of anaesthesia techniques for caesarean section and also to identify their sources of information about them. ⋯ This survey showed that Pakistani women are well aware about the existence of anaesthesia techniques however they do reveal lack of knowledge about their risks and benefit leading to high refusal rate of regional anaesthesia. Anaesthetists were seen as a major source of information.
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To assess the incidence of PONV, delay in discharge or unplanned admissions in paediatric surgical cases done at the Surgical Day Care Unit at Aga Khan University between January and July 2009. ⋯ The incidence of postoperative vomiting in paediatric day cases at our day care unit does not justify polymodal prophylaxis as a protocol for PONV.
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In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the clinical use of brain markers. The S100B is a calcium-binding peptide and is used as a parameter of glial activation and/or death in many disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). It plays important roles in normal CNS development and recovery after injury. ⋯ S100B is also associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease or other chronic neurological diseases. Moreover, S100B may have a potential in predicting the efficiency of treatment and prognosis. In this review, an updated overview of the role of S100B in human neurological disorders is presented.
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To study the involvement in research, of final year medical students and fresh graduates of Karachi, Pakistan and to identify the factors influencing their interest in medical research. ⋯ There is keen interest and involvement in research, among final year medical students and fresh graduates of Karachi, Pakistan. However, the factors driving them are based on their university research encouragements and future plans.