The Journal of extra-corporeal technology
-
J Extra Corpor Technol · Jun 2012
Case ReportsExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a platform for recovery: a case report of a child with pulmonary hemorrhage, refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure, and new onset goodpasture syndrome.
We report a case of a 9-year-old female with acute pulmonary hemorrhage and refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure secondary to Goodpasture syndrome (GS). After failing treatment with high frequency oscillatory ventilation and inhaled nitric oxide, she was successfully managed with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO). The patient's weight at the time of cannulation was 31 kg. ⋯ Despite systemic anticoagulation with heparin, the patient's pulmonary hemorrhage resolved. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation served as a platform through which we were able to provide renal replacement therapy and plasmapheresis. The patient was successfully discharged home with normal pulmonary function.
-
J Extra Corpor Technol · Jun 2012
Case ReportsHigh flow and high dose neosynephrine are effective to maintain perfusion pressure for the patient with preoperative angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. They have a known adverse effect of unresponsiveness to vasoconstrictors resulting in hypotension for the patients undergoing cardiac surgery. We report a case of a 43-year-old female patient with preoperative lisinopril (2.5 mg per day for a week prior to cardiac surgery), who was diagnosed with severe mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation. ⋯ In addition, due to unresponsiveness to regular concentration of neosynephrine (neo), boluses of higher concentrations up to 320 microg/mL of neo were administered to maintain the perfusion pressure on pump. The patient was weaned from CPB uneventfully and was discharged home on postoperative day 7. Additional therapeutic treatment to ACEI-associated hypotension and unresponsiveness to neo for the patients undergoing cardiac surgery using CPB is reviewed as well in this paper.
-
J Extra Corpor Technol · Jun 2012
Case ReportsAlternative anticoagulation during cardiovascular procedures in pediatric patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) that require anticoagulation for cardiovascular procedures represent a challenging and high-risk group. Bivalirudin and argatroban have been successfully used as alternative anticoagulants in adult patients with HIT. ⋯ Bivalirudin was used in both cases for anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass, while argatroban was used without complications during cardiac catheterization. A description of perfusion and anticoagulation protocols is included.
-
J Extra Corpor Technol · Mar 2012
ReviewPerioperative fluid and electrolyte management in cardiac surgery: a review.
This article can be broken down into three sections. First is a review of extracellular fluid volume management and some of the key physiological principles involved. ⋯ In all these areas, there has been much academic endeavor. Sometimes this has generated more heat than light, and the lack of consensus in many areas serves to highlight the need for further work and better understanding.
-
J Extra Corpor Technol · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of a phosphorylcholine-coated cardiac bypass circuit on blood loss and platelet function: a prospective, randomized study.
Platelet dysfunction due to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery increases the risk of bleeding. This study analyzed the effect of a phosphorylcholine (PC)-coated CPB circuit on blood loss, transfusion needs, and platelet function. We performed a prospective, randomized study at Strasbourg University Hospital, which included 40 adults undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) (n = 20) or mitral valve repair (n = 20) using CPB. ⋯ There was no difference in markers of platelet activation, thrombin generation, or transfusion needs between the two groups. Norepinephrine use was more frequent in the control group (63% vs. 33%) but not significantly. PC-coating of the CPB surface reduced early postoperative bleeding, especially in CABG patients, but had no significant effect on platelet function because of large interindividual variations that prevented the establishment of a causal relationship.