Archivos españoles de urología
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The Framework Program for Research and Technological Development constitutes the main instrument the European Union has had for financing research since 1984. The current Sixth Framework Program (6FP), that covers the period 2002-2006, includes clinical research among the activities subsidized at the European level. Other research activities in the field of medicine, particularly genomics and research activities connecting basic knowledge generation with its applications in the field of health also receive a special emphasis. ⋯ Both these and the more modest traditional instruments require participation of groups from different countries in a consortium, mainly from the European Community countries. The process of evaluation is carried out looking at relevance criteria, scientific excellence, potential impact, and quality of the consortium, among others. Spanish researchers, among others, are wellcome to participate in the consortiums, coordinate projects and also to assist as experts in the evaluations.
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To report a rare case of left renal cell carcinoma causing simultaneous acute left varicocele. We also performed a bibliographic review. ⋯ Although it was easy to diagnose a hypernephroma with the diagnostic tests performed, the clinical presentation is not frequent, neither is the sudden onset of left varicocele. Currently, after 8 years of follow-up, the patient has normal blood-ultrasound tests.
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Review Case Reports
[Bifid ureter with a blind branch as cause of unspecified abdominal pain. Report of a new case and review of the literature].
To report a case of bifid left ureter with a blind-ending branch in a 35 year-old female patient who complained of poorly defined abdominal pain. ⋯ Diagnosis is most commonly made by intravenous urography (IVU) with oblique views showing the blind-ending segment filled by retrograde uretero-ureteral reflux. However blind segment does not always fill on excretory urography and retrograde pyelography is required for diagnosis (an ectopic kidney at the distal end of the blind-ending branch should be easily seen on CT scan or ultrasonography). A voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) may be needed to demonstrate an ureteral branch with coexistent vesicoureteral reflux. Treatment is initially conservative although complications or severe symptoms require surgical excision of the blind branch together with antireflux reimplantation of the normal ureter when vesicoureteral reflux is present.
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Clinical Trial
[Prolene mesh sling in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Integral treatment of pelvic floor anomalies. Long-term results].
To evaluate the results of a comprehensive treatment of female stress urinary incontinence combining prolene mesh sling and proper gynaecologic repair depending on the kind of prolapse or pelvic floor dysfunction. To analyse short and long term clinical and urodynamic outcomes, and the effect on quality of life and economics associated with female urinary incontinence. ⋯ The prolene mesh sling can offer long term cure for stress urinary incontinence in almost all cases (99.01%), including the complicated ones. 91.1% of the patients underwent one surgical procedure only, and 8.8% required additional procedures. Results stand the test of time with a clinical-urodynamic follow up of 4.25 years. The voiding urgency referred by 81% of the women with large prolapses is associated with demonstrated bladder instability in 63% of the cases. Voiding urgency as well as bladder instability disappeared in all cases but one, being this fact prolapse-correction dependent, so that pelvic prolapse correction plays a decisive role. De novo bladder instability is uncommon (3.9%) and appears randomly in this series.
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To review the treatment of testicular germ-cell cancer in our series. ⋯ Testicular germ-cell cancer needs a well established multidisciplinary approach, in which the role of the urologist is fundamental. Orchiectomy is the primary treatment and allows determination of the dissemination risk. Radiotherapy is very effective for localised seminomas with poor prognostic factors, and for non seminomas 2 cycles of chemotherapy seem to be an effective approach, as well as of little toxicity. We must know and apply optimised programs for observation of these tumours (stage I), and also use follow-up protocols after chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Some cases need complex surgery for residual masses resection or post chemotherapy salvage surgery in disseminated tumours (Stages II & III). Sterility treatment protocols are applied to preserve fertility.