Archivos españoles de urología
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Androgen deprivation plays a major role in the treatment of prostate cancer. Preclinical studies have shown that androgen deprivation provides both an independent cytotoxic effect and radiosensitization on prostate tumors. For men with non-metastatic prostate cancer, the addition of androgen deprivation to radiotherapy has been shown to improve survival for intermediate and high risk disease compared to radiation alone. This review discusses the clinical trial data regarding combination of androgen deprivation and radiation and provides recommendations for its use in men undergoing radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.
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The introduction of penile prosthesis in the early 1970s has been the first breakthrough in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Since then a variety of treatment options for erectile dysfunction have been developed, including penile vascular surgery, injection therapy, vacuum erection device therapy, intraurethral and oral pharmacotherapy. ⋯ Moreover, many men that are now effectively managed with medical treatment are likely to require penile prosthesis implantation as their erectile dysfunction progresses. This chapter will focus on the surgical management of erectile dysfunction and in particular on penile prosthesis implantation.
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The American cranberry proanthocyanidins (PACs) are the main responsible for its efficacy in urinary tract infections. Their mechanism of action is related to inhibition of Escherichia coli to urothelial cells. Cysticlean contains an extract of American cranberry which provides 118 mg of PACs per dose. The activity of Cysticlean tablets on Escherichia Coli adherence to bladder epithelial cells has been studied in vitro. Moreover, the activity of Cistyclean both in powder for oral suspension and tablets has been compared ex-vivo. ⋯ Cysticlean shows a significant inhibition of E. Coli adherence to urothelial cells. Cysticlean powder for suspensión preparation is more effective tha tablets. Cysticlean powder for suspensión is well tolerated, and compliance has been observed. Its use is very recommendable in pediatric urinary tract infection prophylaxis. Due to the variety of products with American cranberry extracts in the market, with different proanthocyanidins declared content, it would be interesting to compare their activity using established pharmacological methods.
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Urinary incontinente is an existent complication secondary to the treatment of prostate cancer. It has a difficult management when medical or surgical treatment have not been effective. ⋯ We describe penile compression devices and permanent catheters. We evaluate absorbent products together with their indications and caractheristics.