Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Sep 2012
[Responses to treatment and switching tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)].
GIST is driven by a gain-of-function mutation either in the KIT or PDGFRA gene. Atpresent , advanced and/or metastatic GIST is primarily treated by medical therapy of imatinib and sunitinib, both of which are re-imbursed by the government in Japan. ⋯ Choi's criteria also works for the early detection of resistance. When resistance and/or unmanagable adverse events are observed, early switching of drugs without any delay is recommended if there is another line of treatment.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Aug 2012
Review Case Reports[Prolonged disturbance of consciousness and respiratory depression induced by controlled-release morphine, requiring long-term naloxone administration in a hemodialysis patient with cancer--a case report].
An 82-year-old female on hemodialysis was diagnosed with advanced breast cancer. She received 20 mg of controlled-release oral morphine per day for the relief of cancer pain. After a total dose of 30 mg was administered, she was hospitalized with disturbance of consciousness. ⋯ Morphine is therefore not recommended for use in renal failure and dialysis patients. The use of fentanyl or oxycodone is recommended as an alternative opioid. It is essential that medical staff are aware that these patients have an increased risk of developing serious morphine-related toxicity.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Aug 2012
[Efficacy of granisetron for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia treated with a combination of anthracycline and cytarabine].
In Japan, the combination of anthracycline and cytarabine(Ara-C)is a standard therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia(AML). Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)are frequently reported as side effects related to the administration of these regimens. In our hospital, patients received prophylactic granisetron at a dose of 3 mg daily during chemotherapy. However, granisetron is known to induce constipation as a side effect. The present study evaluated the efficacy of a single dose of granisetron administered throughout the entire period of chemotherapy in AML patients receiving anthracycline and Ara-C combination therapy, and also examined the incidence of constipation during chemotherapy. ⋯ The CR rate in this study was 61. 8%, thus indicating that there is still room for improvement. The combination of dexamethasone and a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, or the changeover from granisetron to palonosetron could therefore increase the CR rate.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · May 2012
Comparative Study[Retrospective study on intravenous compound injection of cancer pain patients with oxycodone and hydrocotarnine preparation in comparison with subcutaneous administration].
In Japan, although oral oxycodone is widely used for cancer pain treatment, there is no injection preparation of oxycodone used as a single ingredient. Only the compound injection of oxycodone and hydrocotarnine has received approval. Subcutaneous administration of the drug is approved, but there are few efficacy and safety reports about its intravenous administration. ⋯ There was no significant difference in efficacy and safety. The conversion ratio differed in a case due to a change, and about 20 to 40% of addition was needed within four days after the start. It is considered that compound injection of oxycodone and hydrocotarnine is effective for cancer pain treatment.