Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
-
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Mar 2011
[Direct low-dose fentanyl patch (2.1mg) introduction for opioid naïve outpatients with cancer pain].
The administration of opioids to outpatients with cancer pain can be difficult because the constant dose modification and treatments of side effects involved are occasionally impossible. Therefore, more effective and safer drugs with better patients compliance are needed to complete a successful opioid introduction. Compared with other opioids, low-dose fentanyl has been suggested to produce milder side effects such as nausea, constipation, and somnolence. Further more, compliance can be improved because the drug is a patch,administered transdermally. ⋯ Opioid introduction to opioid-naÏve outpatients with cancer pain using the low-dose fentanyl patch (2.1 mg) may be effective.
-
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Feb 2011
[Clinical efficacy of octreotide acetate in cancer patients with malignant bowel symptoms depend on terminal stage].
There are many reports that octreotide acetate(SMS)is effective for terminally ill cancer patients with malignant bowel obstructions such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. We retrospectively found that the clinical efficacy of SMS in 23 patients with these symptoms depended on the early terminal stage(about six months until death)or middle terminal stage(within one month until death). SMS was more effective to relieve abdominal distension(p=0. 01)and these bowel symptoms occurred among cancer patients in the early terminal stage rather than in the middle terminal stage(p<0. 001).
-
Cancers are caused by the accumulation of genomic and epigenomic alterations. Particularly, genetic alterations, such as BCR-ABL translocation and EGFR mutation, which are present only in cancer cells, are the best therapeutic targets to date. The application of next-generation DNA sequencing technologies, including whole-genome, whole-exome and whole-transcriptome approaches, has brought substantial advances in cancer genomics. ⋯ Currently, an international network of cancer genome projects was launched to coordinate large-scale cancer genome studies. The greatest impact of next-generation sequencing of cancer genomes in the near future will be in cancer diagnostics. To provide personalized cancer treatment, development of accurate genetic diagnostic tests and biomarkers is required and will surely be accelerated by next-generation sequencing technology.
-
The problems we have identified to overcome for a betterment of home palliative care were as follows:(1) Staffs' low level of knowledge and a lack of interest in home care, (2) Lack of cooperation between hospital and clinic, (3) Hard to keep the medical and caregiver staffs employed in the home care settings and a technical training is behind, (4) Insufficient cooperative networks for elderly care and welfare in the region, and (5) Misunderstanding of home palliative care by patient, family and people in the region. It is important to solve these problems one by one for a betterment of home palliative care. In this paper, we reported these problems through actual activities of our hospital and Iwaki city, and we propose to deal with them.
-
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Dec 2010
Case Reports[One successful end-of-life home care handled by three physicians].
Aging population has been advancing in Ito city located in the northern part of Izu peninsula. Many elderly people are hoping to receive an end-of-life care at home, but there is no home care section in Ito municipal hospital, a flagship hospital in this region. One of the end-stage leukemia patients of our hospital hoped to die at home. We report a case that three physicians joined together to take care of this terminal patient with a cooperation from nurses, home-visit nursing care station and a care manager.