Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 1993
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Clinical evaluation of granisetron for nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs--multi-centered placebo-controlled double-blind comparative study].
A placebo-controlled double-blind comparative trial was conducted to objectively assess the antiemetic effect on nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs including cisplatin (CDDP) and safety of granisetron tablet (2 mg). In the present trial, single oral administration of the trial drug was performed one hour before the start of CDDP administration. 1) In clinical efficacy, the drug was assessed as "remarkably effective" or "effective" in 76.9% (30/39) in G group and 15.2% (7/46) in P group. ⋯ S., the dose of CDDP and the number of anticancer drugs concomitantly used with CDDP. 4) The clinical effect of single oral administration of granisetron tablet (2 mg) persisted for approximately 24 hours. 5) In terms of the safety of the trial drug, there was no adverse event or abnormal laboratory fluctuation which might pose a clinical problem. From the above results, it was concluded that single oral administration of granisetron at a dose of 2 mg could suppress nausea and vomiting induced by the administration of anticancer drugs.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 1993
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Clinical evaluation of granisetron for nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs--optimal dose-finding study].
The efficacy, safety and usefulness of oral granisetron for nausea and vomiting induced by the administration of anticancer drugs were compared among four doses using the subjects registered through telephone calls by the physicians-in-charge. The clinical efficacy of the drug was assessed as "remarkably effective" or "effective" in 50.0% (11/22) in the 0.5 mg group. 68.4% (13/19) in the 1 mg group, 81.0% (17/21) in the 2 mg group and 78.3% (18/23) in the 4 mg group. ⋯ No adverse event or abnormal laboratory value fluctuation which might pose a clinical problem was observed. From these results, single administration of oral granisetron at a dose of 2 mg once a day was considered to be the optimal administration and dosage for nausea and vomiting induced by the administration of anticancer drugs.
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The current status of thermoradiotherapy for cancer is reviewed. The usefulness of this combined treatment for superficial tumors, in which heating and thermometry are relatively easy to apply, has been clearly demonstrated by many clinical results. With recent technological advancements, the application of thermoradiotherapy to deep-seated tumors is increasing, and encouraging results have been reported for various tumors including brain tumors, carcinomas of the breast, lung, esophagus, liver, rectum, urinary bladder, and soft tissue tumors. Thermoradiotherapy seems a very promising treatment modality for various refractory malignancies.
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Interferon alpha (IFN alpha) has been used in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The initial trial was made in 1983 by Talpaz et al. ⋯ IFN alpha was related to some T cell immunity, and could be taken to be Ph1 positive cell inhibition by normal T cell. Although IFN alpha therapy has limited use with get Ph1 negative hematopoiesis, intensive treatment of this kind is needed to minimize Ph1 clone, using various therapy combination with IFN alpha.
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Irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11), topotecan, sobuzoxane, NC-190, and IST-622 are unique topoisomerase inhibitors and are investigational in Japan. CPT-11 is a water-soluble, semisynthetic derivative of camtothecin. CPT-11 shows its anticancer activity by inhibiting topoisomerase I activity, now a target of anticancer agents with major interest. ⋯ IST-622 shows excellent, broad anticancer activity against murine tumors. The drug is well absorbed from small intestine. IST-622 is now in phase I clinical trial in Japan.