Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
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Routinely, phase I clinical study starts with 1/10 of MELD10, provided dog does not produce toxicity. This is empirical method depend upon previous agents. In these days, many new agents appear to clinical study and some of them require so many steps to reach MTD. ⋯ Another point should be emphasized is the existence of plasma peak level toxicity. This should be eliminated to perform preclinical study of LD10 by continuous infusion rather than iv bolus injection. Since some of new agents have DLF of neuro, hepato or cardiac toxicity rather than bone marrow, those would show quite different behaviors, therefore a special attention should be given for further studies.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Feb 1991
[Advances of surgery and radiation therapy of glioblastoma and metastatic tumor].
On the surgery for malignant gliomas, most cases are beyond the stage for desirable removal of tumors, because of the risk of damage to the normal function of surrounding brain tissue. The restriction of the surgical treatment has inevitably required postoperative radiation therapy. With a protocol aiming at removing tumors extensively and delivering high dose radiation to the tumor area, we treated 107 patients with cerebral glioblastoma. ⋯ The results apparently indicate that areas adjacent to the margin of almost complete removal should be irradiated with a sufficient dose to sterilize the remaining malignant remnants. As metastatic brain tumors without systemic metastasis seldom develop to multiple lesions, surgical removal followed by local radiation therapy would be ideal in order to prevent brain atrophy and dementia induced by whole brain irradiation. IORT would be also useful for its strong local effect to tumors and for shortening the hospital stay of patients.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 1990
[Palliative therapy in cancer. 3. Palliation of the symptoms from a malignant tumor (1)].
Most of the symptoms from a malignant tumor are caused by local invasion by the tumor, or obstruction, either at the site of the primary disease or by metastases. However, tumors can produce symptoms at a remote site. Patients with gastrointestinal malignancy may present with symptoms which include dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bleeding and ascites. ⋯ The aim of therapy is to evacuate the fluid and induce pleural adhesion. One of the sad situations that we have to face is the patient with recurrent cancer which complains of various symptoms. The relief of symptoms is the most important palliative therapy to them.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Apr 1990
Review[Recent advances in rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients].
This paper describes recent advances in surgical and behavioral rehabilitation for voice, speech and swallowing disorders caused by surgeries for head and neck cancer. Voice disorders result from total laryngectomy, partial laryngectomy and vocal fold laser surgery. Voice prostheses have been recently employed as one of the choices for laryngectomized patients. ⋯ Surgical treatment and swallow therapy are employed. Surgical treatment is divided into five groups: surgery for velopharyngeal incompetence, those for glottic incompetence, laryngeal suspension surgery, narrowing surgery of the pharynx and cricopharyngeal myotomy. Some cases are described for each treatment modality.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Apr 1990
Case Reports[A case of pleural effusion secondary to breast carcinoma responding to treatment based upon thoracoscopic findings].
Patients with metastatic breast carcinoma often present symptomatic pleural effusions. A 67-years-old woman, who had undergone right radical mastectomy 7 years previously for right breast carcinoma, developed massive right pleural effusion. ⋯ On biopsy, it was found to be adenocarcinoma which was considered to have invaded the pleura directly from the mediastinum. She was treated with linac X-ray irradiation focused on the pleural metastasis and systemic chemotherapy (CMF), and resulted in a gradual decrease and final disappearance of the pleural effusion.