Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
Model based optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure.
This paper is concerned with the optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure, which plays a critical rule in saving the life of patients suffering from cardiac arrest. In this paper, we define the performance index for optimization using the oxygen delivery. A model developed earlier is used to calculate the oxygen delivery through CPR. ⋯ First, a global optimization is implemented to discover the best values of the free parameters which maximize the oxygen delivery. In addition to this, a sequential optimization scheme is explored which uses a two step optimization in each CPR sequence to maximize the oxygen delivery. Results show that the sequential optimization procedure will enhance the performance of the CPR significantly.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
AREA: an augmented reality system for epidural anaesthesia.
Spinal needle injection procedures are used for anesthesia and analgesia, such as lumbar epidurals. These procedures require careful placement of a needle, both to ensure effective therapy delivery and to avoid damaging sensitive tissue such as the spinal cord. An important step in such procedures is the accurate identification of the vertebral levels, which is currently performed using manual palpation with a reported 30% success rate for correct identification. ⋯ The prototype system demonstrates better accuracy for identifying the vertebrae than traditional manual methods.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
EEG-based detection of awakening from isoflurane anesthesia in rats.
In animal studies, reliable measures for depth of anesthesia are frequently required. Previous findings suggest that the continuous depth of anesthesia indices developed for humans might not be adequate for rats whose EEG changes during anesthesia represent more of quick transitions between discrete states. In this paper, the automatic EEG-based detection of awakening from anesthesia was studied in rats. ⋯ The method was tested with EEGs recorded from ten rats recovering from isoflurane anesthesia. The algorithm was shown to be able to detect the sudden change in the EEG related to the moment of awakening with a precision comparable to careful visual inspection. Our findings suggest that monitoring such signal changes may offer an interesting alternative to the application of continuous depth of anesthesia indices when avoiding the awakening of the animal during e.g. a clinical experiment.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
Wireless photoplethysmographic device for heart rate variability signal acquisition and analysis.
The photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal has the potential to aid in the acquisition and analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) signal: a non-invasive quantitative marker of the autonomic nervous system that could be used to assess cardiac health and other physiologic conditions. A low-power wireless PPG device was custom-developed to monitor, acquire and analyze the arterial pulse in the finger. The system consisted of an optical sensor to detect arterial pulse as variations in reflected light intensity, signal conditioning circuitry to process the reflected light signal, a microcontroller to control PPG signal acquisition, digitization and wireless transmission, a receiver to collect the transmitted digital data and convert them back to their analog representations. ⋯ Kubios was able to generate a report sheet with the time domain and frequency domain parameters of the acquired data. These features were then compared against those calculated by MATLAB. The preliminary results demonstrate that the prototype wireless device could be used to perform HRV signal acquisition and analysis.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
Comparisons of predictors of fluid responsiveness in major surgery.
The majority of studies on fluid responsiveness is focused on volume expansion maneuvers in intensive care unit (ICU), while fewer studies have analyzed the same problem during major surgery. Among them, the results are contrasting. ⋯ Our results showed that pulse pressure variation (PPV) estimated according to the definition, i.e. within single respiratory cycles, and PPV estimated by PiCCO monitor system are coherent and very similar. Moreover, PPV and stroke volume variation (SVV) produced good values of sensitivity and specificity in separating the subjects into responsive and non responsive to maneuvers.