Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
Assessing traumatic brain injuries using EEG power spectral analysis and instantaneous phase.
Although mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) occurs commonly, little is known about how multiple mTBI incidents accumulate over time to produce serious morbidity or how the extent of injury can be quantified. This work presents a rat model that uses deceleration-induced brain trauma and an implantable EEG system for recording injury-induced changes in brain activity. ⋯ We found that in different frequency bands, both EEG power spectra and the instantaneous phases of the two EEG channels before the impact were different from those measured after the impact. This study shows that EEG analysis can be used as a tool to identify and assess brain related injuries.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
Exercise training plus calorie restriction causes synergistic protection against cognitive decline via up-regulation of BDNF in hippocampus of stroke-prone hypertensive rats.
One of the important organ damage of hypertension is cognitive decline. Cognitive function is determined by the function of hippocampus, and previous studies have suggested that the decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus causes cognitive decline. Protection against cognitive decline is reported not only in pharmacological therapy but also in exercise training or calorie restriction. ⋯ Exercise training for 28 days improved cognitive decline determined by Morris water maze test via up-regulation of BDNF in the hippocampus of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, whereas calorie restriction for 28 days did not. However, exercise training plus calorie restriction causes the protection against cognitive decline to a greater extent than exercise training alone. In conclusion, exercise training plus calorie restriction causes synergistic protection against cognitive decline via up-regulation of BDNF in the hippocampus of stroke-prone hypertensive rats.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
Effect of anesthesia on spontaneous activity and evoked potentials of the cerebellar cortex.
Cerebellum is a highly organized structure with a crystalline morphology that has always intrigued neuroscientists. Much of the cerebellar research has been conducted in anesthetized animals, particularly using ketamine and xylazine combination. ⋯ The frequency contents of the spontaneous activity suggest that ketamine/xylazine anesthesia suppresses most of the components except those below 30 Hz. This preliminary study also showed that multi channels of cerebellar cortical activity can be recorded using flexible multi-electrode arrays in behaving animals, which is very challenging task with single microelectrodes.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2012
Clinical TrialEffects of propofol anesthesia induction on the relationship between arterial blood pressure and heart rate.
This paper presents the analysis of autonomic nervous system (ANS) control of heart rate (HR) and of cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in patients undergoing general anesthesia for major surgery through spectral analysis techniques and with the Granger causality approach that take into account the causal relationships between HR and arterial blood pressure (ABP) variability. Propofol produced a general decrease in ABP due to its vasodilatory effects, a reduction in BRS, while HR remained unaltered with respect to baseline values before induction of anesthesia. The bivariate model suggests that the feedback pathway of cardiac baroreflex could be blunted by propofol induced anesthesia and that the feedforward pathway could be unaffected by anesthesia.