Agents and actions. Supplements
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Agents Actions Suppl. · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialControlled clinical trials and cross-sectional studies with plasma histamine measurements and histamine receptor antagonists: solving the problem of preoperative H1- + H2-prophylaxis by asking new questions?
The problem of a preoperative histamine H1- + H2 - prophylaxis was tackled by a group of new studies including randomized controlled clinical trials and cross-sectional studies with plasma histamine measurements and administration of H1- + H2 - antagonists to a control group. The first study demonstrated serial histamine release in the induction of anaesthesia up to 4 times in a single patient. Basal plasma histamine levels in resting subjects fell below 100 pg/ml during the time necessary for preparation of the surgical patient. ⋯ Sometimes tachycardia and hypertension produce the highest likelihood ratio, sometimes tachy- and bradycardia, but no changes in blood pressure as in the case of atracurium. It is concluded that the reasons why histamine release in anaesthesia and surgery is so much underreported and under-estimated include the present paradigms about plasma histamine levels and the "classical picture" of histamine release. Both are no longer valid and need a re-assessment.
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Agents Actions Suppl. · Jan 1982
The influence of inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis on dexamethasone action in carrageenin paw edema and adjuvant arthritis of rats.
The anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone in carrageenin paw edema and in adjuvant arthritis of rats was not influenced by simultaneous injection of RNA/protein synthesis inhibitors. The increase of the plasma alpha 2-microglobulin level during adjuvant arthritis was significantly reduced after administration of RNA/protein synthesis inhibitors. This inhibitory effect was abolished by simultaneous dexamethasone treatment. The present results do hardly support the hypothesis that the anti-inflammatory activity of dexamethasone and other glucocorticosteroids in carrageenin edema and adjuvant arthritis of rats might be mediated by de novo protein synthesis.
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Agents Actions Suppl. · Jan 1982
On the question of seasonal variations of the carrageenin rat paw edema and of the phenylbutazone effect on it.
1. In order to disclose seasonal variations of the strength of the carrageenin rat paw edema as well as of the influence of phenylbutazone on it, experiments of the years 1973-1976 were evaluated arranging th animals by the month. Groups consisted of 10 - 355 rats per month; the total animal number was 3313. 2. ⋯ Percent inhibition of the paw edema volume by phenylbutazone (50 mg/kg p. o. simultaneously with subplantar carrageenin injection) was without significant seasonal variation. 3. The influence of environmental temperature, atmospheric humidity, atmospheric pressure, light intensity, cortisol plasma level, serum calcium, and blood sugar level on inflammatory reactions is briefly discussed in order to find an explanation of the seasonal variations of the carrageenin paw edema volume. Blood sugar and the connected carbohydrate metabolism could best be correlated with the seasonal variations of the paw edema volume.