Anesthesiology and pain medicine
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Postoperative sore throat is one of the most common complications after endotracheal intubation. Both Ketamine and magnesium can block N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors and provide central and local analgesia. ⋯ Magnesium at low dose decreases sore throat and pain severity more effectively compared to ketamine gargle.
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Anesthesia induction in patients with current substance abuse can be a challenge for anesthesiologists. ⋯ The length of sensory and motor blockade is shorter in chronic opioid abusers. Adding 10 µg sufentanil to hyperbaric bupivacaine in opium abusers lengthened the sensory and motor block duration.