International journal of preventive medicine
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The angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor 2 (AT2R) and angiotensin 1-7 receptor (masR) expression in the kidney are gender-related. We attempted to compare the response of nitric oxide (NO) production to Ang II administration, with and without AT2R and masR blockades, using A-779 and PD123319 in male and female rats. ⋯ The renal vasculature of male rats may provide more response to Ang II administration-induced NO, which is dependent on masR and AT2R. During dual masR + AT2R blockades, the kidney NO formation wasreduced in a non-gender related manner.
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Phantom limb pain (PLP) is approximately a common condition after limb amputation, which potentially affects the quality of life. We aimed to evaluate anxiety and depression in patients with amputated limbs suffering from PLP and to compare these psychological dysfunctions with that of patients with non-phantom chronic pain. ⋯ Our results indicate that depression and anxiety are not more common in PLP patients, whereas they are more prevalent in subjects with non-phantom chronic pain. These lower levels of anxiety and depression in PLP compared with chronic pain is a new finding that needs to be evaluated further, which may lead to new insights into the pathogenesis of phantom pain in further studies.
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This study was performed to compare the effect of different doses of intrathecal meperidine on the incidence and intensity of shivering and other side-effects after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. ⋯ The high dose of intrathecal meperidine is effective in reducing the incidence and intensity of shivering associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery but the high incidence of nausea and vomiting is unpleasant for the patient and can be a major problem with a high dose of meperdine.
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This study was done to compare the analgesic effects of "magnesium plus lidocaine", "paracetamol plus lidocaine", and "placebo plus lidocaine" on block characteristics for intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) in patients undergoing upper extremity orthopedic surgery. ⋯ Addition of magnesium lidocaine in patients undergoing upper extremity orthopedic operations using IVRA decreases significantly the time gap between drug administration and the start of the block; also, this drug combination increases the IVRA block length, while paracetamol does not have such a significant effect.
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Postoperative delirium (POD) is one of the important complications of cardiac surgery and it is assumed to provoke inflammatory responses. Theoretically, anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone can have an influence on the incidence and outcomes of POD. The aim of our study was to assess POD predictors and outcomes of dexamethasone administration after cardiac surgery. ⋯ Our study reports the predictors of POD, which patients commonly facing them in cardiac surgery ICU. Appropriate management and prevention of these predictors, especially modifiable ones, can decrease the incident of POD and improves cognitive outcomes of cardiac surgeries.