The Journal of nutrition
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The Journal of nutrition · Sep 1983
Comparative StudyPlasma amino acid concentrations in normal adults fed meals with added monosodium L-glutamate and aspartame.
Aspartame is a dipeptide sweetener containing aspartate. It has been suggested that aspartame addition to meals containing large amounts of monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) would result in a rapid rise in plasma glutamate and/or aspartate concentrations and increase the potential for dicarboxylic amino acid--induced toxicity. Sic normal adult subjects were fed three hamburger and milk shake meals providing protein at 1 g/kg body weight in a Latin square design. ⋯ Aspartame addition to meals already containing MSG did not further significantly increase plasma glutamate + aspartate concentration above values noted when only MSG was added. However, aspartame addition did significantly increase the mean plasma phenylalanine concentration above values noted after ingestion of the meal alone or the meal with added MSG, reflecting aspartame's phenylalanine content. The data do not support the suggestion that aspartame addition to high protein meals already containing large amounts of MSG, will promote a rapid and dangerous rise in plasma glutamate and aspartate concentrations.
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The Journal of nutrition · Dec 1982
Effect of cafeteria feeding on brown and white adipose tissue cellularity, thermogenesis, and body composition in rats.
To determine the effects of cafeteria feeding on brown (BAT) and white (WAT) adipose tissue cellularity, thermogenesis and body composition, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a cafeteria or a Purina chow diet for 52 days postweaning. Interscapular BAT (IBAT) was removed from subgroups of rats on each diet, and the animals continued on the same regimens. The IBAT weight of rats fed cafeteria diets was 160% of controls after 3 days and 220% after 52 days of the dietary regimens, and brown adipocyte numbers were 130 and 300% those of stock diet-fed rats, respectively, during the same period. ⋯ Surgical reduction of IBAT resulted in hypertrophy of WAT and an improved efficiency of weight gain, whereas body composition, WAT cellularity, and the efficiency of weight gain of similarly operated rats fed stock diet were unaltered from those of unoperated animals fed stock diet. These results are consistent with the development of a nutritionally induced hyperplasia and/or differentiation of BAT similar to that which follows cold acclimatization. BAT may play an active role in the expenditure of excess energy during periods of overnutrition, and thereby influence an animal's propensity for fatness.
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The Journal of nutrition · Aug 1979
Serum levels of selenium, calcium, copper magnesium, manganese and zinc in various human diseases.
Serum selenium as well as serum zinc, copper, magnesium, calcium and manganese were investigated in a control group of adult males and in 11 groups of patients in various disease states. Not only the change of each trace element but also the possible association between elements was studied in the various groups. All patients were fasting when sampled and studied only after the acute phase of the disease was corrected. ⋯ Cirrhotic patients had a low serum selenium level as well as low calcium, magnesium and zinc. Emphysemia and cancer patients had an elevated serum copper concentration while copper and manganese levels were elevated in congestive heart failure, infection and pschoses. To our knowledge this is the first time low serum selenium values have been demonstrated to be associated with the low serum zinc, calcium and magnesium levels found in cirrhotic patients.
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The Journal of nutrition · Jan 1978
Biography Historical ArticleWilliam Davis Salmon (1895-1966)--a biographical sketch.
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The Journal of nutrition · May 1977
Biography Historical ArticleJames Boyd Allison (1901-1964). A biographical sketch.