Anales españoles de pediatría
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Adult respiratory distress syndrome is becoming more frequent in pediatric age. There are several factors involved in its' etiology. Sepsis is almost invariably present in all patients. ⋯ The extracorporeal oxygenation guarantees the oxygen exchange but it does not affect survival. Mortality is 95%. Patients who survive have minimal pulmonary sequelae.
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A prospective study of 87 children hospital admitted for acute gastroenteritis [AGE] with ages between 24 days and three years and a control group of 32 children with ages between six months and three years, is presented. In all cases a virological study of stools is made by electron microscopy [E/M]. ⋯ Special stress is set upon the reliability of the E/M technique on the stools for rotavirus induced AGE diagnosis, due to the good correlation with clinical data, presence of seroconversion and the finding of virus in duodenal juice. Results of intestinal biopsy in a certain group of children are shown.
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Two new cases of type B congenital interruption of the aortic arch are described. Both had other congenital cardiovascular malformations as well as absence of the thymus and parathyroids. They were newborn male and female, their parents were young and healthy, admitted in our institution because of feeding difficulty, respiratory distress and cyanosis with signs of heart failure. ⋯ According to the site of the interruption of the aortic arch, three types (A, B and C) of absence of the aortic arch are recognized. In our patients as in the majority of reported cases, the interruption of the aortic arch was associated with patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect, and other cardiovascular anomalies. The association of Di George syndrome with cardiovascular anomalies is commented.
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A number of 241 patients with meningococcal infection, treated between 1972 and 1978, is analysed. Some new therapeutic patterns are established based on the application of the prognosis score of Stiehm. With these patterns consisting in the use of volume expansors with anti-aggregating properties and low dosage prophylactic heparin administration, authors have considerably improved their results reported in 1972, succeeding in diminishing the global mortality to 3.73%, a figure inferior to that of all known series to date.