Revista médica de Chile
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2020
[Coronary artery disease in pre and postmenopausal women. The influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus].
Postmenopausal women have higher severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) than premenopausal women and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor. ⋯ The severity of CHD is higher in postmenopausal women and T2DM is associated with the disease.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2020
Review[Unfolded protein response as a target in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease].
The clinical features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), for example the progressive memory loss, are produced by neuronal loss and synaptic dysfunction. These events have been associated with histopathological alterations in AD brain, including the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Recent studies suggest that cellular stress produced by the aggregation of misfolded proteins leads to alterations in protein homeostasis, that is regulated for the most part by endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ⋯ Based on the involvement of ER stress in several diseases, efforts are being done to identify small molecules that can inhibit or activate selective UPR components. Here, we review the findings suggesting a functional role of ER stress in the etiology of AD. Possible therapeutic strategies to mitigate ER stress in the context of AD are discussed.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2020
Case Reports[Recurrent hypoxemia secondary to a patent foramen ovale. Report of one case].
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a prevalent congenital septal atrial defect usually without pathological significance. In certain pathogenic situations, PFO can trigger episodes of recurrent hypoxemia, a specific condition known as platipnea-orthodeoxia syndrome (POS). We report a 73 years old female presenting with dyspnea and low arterial oxygen saturation. ⋯ After breathing 100% a 17% arterial-venous shunt was found (normal: less than 12%). A transesophageal echocardiogram and a cardiac catheterization showed the presence of a PFO. A percutaneous closure was performed.
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Revista médica de Chile · Feb 2020
Case Reports[Primary lymphocytic hypophysitis. Report of one case].
Primary lymphocytic hypophysitis is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the pituitary gland, with a higher incidence during late pregnancy and the postpartum period. It causes glandular destruction, mass effect and symptoms such headache, visual field defects, ophthalmoplegia and symptoms of hypopituitarism. We report a 38-year-old postpartum woman who, after giving birth presented decreased left visual acuity associated with a non ictal headache. ⋯ One month later, size of the pituitary gland decreased, and the visual field defect improved. Steroidal treatment was maintained for 36 months and progressively tapered. After two years of follow-up, the imaging studies show a normal sized pituitary gland.