Revista médica de Chile
-
Revista médica de Chile · Oct 2022
Review[Biological effects due to exposure to different concentrations of oxygen from hypo to hyperoxemia].
The systemic effects of oxygen deficiency or excess are not thoroughly described. Knowledge is evolving towards the description of beneficial and detrimental effects of both extremes of partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2). The cellular and tissue mediators derived from the modulation of the oxidative tone and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely characterized biochemically, but the pathophysiological characterization is lacking. ⋯ On the other hand, the modulation of the hypoxic response associated with exposure to high altitude environments (hypobaric), favors Chile and its highlands as a natural laboratory to determine certain cardiovascular, cerebral and metabolic responses in the resident population. Also, the consequences of the intermittent exposure to high altitudes in workers also deserves attention. This review discusses the physiopathological response to hypo and hyperoxemia, associated with environments with different oxygen concentrations, and brings back the concept of oxygen as a pharmacological mediator in extreme environments such as high altitudes and hyperbaric medicine in divers, decompression sickness, osteonecrosis associated with radiotherapy and sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Oct 2022
[Psychometric properties of two surveys about beliefs towards vaccines in general and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine].
Negative beliefs about vaccines can threaten herd immunity and pandemic control. Although beliefs about vaccines influence vaccination intention, there are no valid instruments that evaluate this in the Latin American population. ⋯ The scales evaluated here are reliable and valid measures that showed associations with vaccination intention in the Chilean population.