Revista médica de Chile
-
Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2022
[Cholangiocarcinoma and combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhotic patients].
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a primary hepatic tumor, frequently found in patients with liver cirrhosis and biliary tract diseases. Its varieties include isolated CCA or "combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma" (cHCC-CCA). The latter is uncommon, with poorly defined diagnostic criteria and natural history. ⋯ In most of these cases, the diagnosis of cHCC-CCA and CCA was made in the liver explant study without previous imaging diagnosis. This reinforces the usefulness of the histological study, in specific cases, prior to liver transplantation and emphasizes the importance of systematic explant exploration in these cases.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2022
Validity and reliability of simple surrogate indexes to evaluate beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity.
Simple surrogate indexes (SSI) to assess beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity (IS) and insulin resistance (IR) are an easy and economic tool used in clinical practice to identify glucose metabolism disturbances. ⋯ Our results suggest that most of the SSI are useful and reliable.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2022
Helicobacter pylori infection and UBT-13C values are associated with changes in body mass index in children and adults.
The urea breath test (UBT-13C) is a non-invasive technique that allows the diagnosis and confirmation of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. ⋯ H. pylori infection rates are similar between sexes and are higher in children probably because of selection bias. In children, H. pylori positivity is associated with higher BMI and excess malnutrition although with similar UBT-13C values. In adults, H. pylori infection is not related with BMI, but a higher BMI impacts UBT-13C titers.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2022
[A review about the putative mechanisms of action of electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia in human research].
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has multiple uses in psychiatry, but its mechanisms of action (MA) in patients with schizophrenia (PS) are poorly understood. We synthesize and discuss the available evidence in this regard. We conducted a search for primary human studies and systematic reviews searching MA of ECT in PS published in PubMed/Medline, SciELO, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library, including 24 articles. ⋯ Most of the included studies are observational or quasi-experimental, with small sample sizes. However, they show simultaneous changes at different neurobiological levels, with a pathophysiological and clinical correlation. We propose that the research on ECT should be carried out from neurobiological dimensions, but with a clinical perspective.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2022
[The perception of teachers and students about clinical reasoning in health care careers].
Clinical reasoning (CR) is a training mainstay in health care careers. ⋯ Both students and teachers point to CR as an analysis process that is indispensable in both careers. Exposure to variable educational experiences through active educational strategies in small groups encourages CR.