Revista médica de Chile
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Revista médica de Chile · Jan 2022
[D. Julius y A. Patapoutian. 2021 Nobel Prize Awardees discover new ionic channels that detect temperature and mechanical stimuli].
D. Julius was awarded the 2021 Medicine Nobel prize for the discovery of new cationic channels that detect temperatures either over 40 °C (TRPV1) or cold (TRPM8) ranging from 8-15 °C, followed by the latter identification of other channels that sense temperatures within other ranges. ⋯ Furthermore, Patapoutian iden-tified piezo 1 and 2 channels previously referred to as the cell mechanosensors related to the sense of touch and proprioception. These experimental findings indicate that these novel cationic channels localized in nerve endings of the skin, mouth, lips, bronchial tree, the nephron, plus a variety of tissues transduce phy-sical stimuli into electrical activity that reach the brain sensory cortex to process these stimuli and elicit animal behavior.
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Revista médica de Chile · Jan 2022
Review[Immune checkpoint inhibitors. A breakthrough in cancer therapy].
Professors James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo were awarded with the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine for their contributions in cancer immunotherapy. The latter is a breakthrough in cancer therapy, aimed to overcome tumor-induced immunosuppression, leading to the reactivation of the immune system against cancer cells. ⋯ This situation led to a biotechnological race focused on the development of effective antibodies able to "turn-on" the immune system cheated by the tumor. Anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies improve life-expectancy in cancer patients. In this review, we perform an historical overview of Professors Allison and Honjo contribution, as well as the immunological basis of this new and powerful therapeutic strategy, highlighting the clinical benefits of such intervention.
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Revista médica de Chile · Jan 2022
[Emotional intelligence among undergraduate students of health care careers].
Emotional Intelligence (EI) in students is related with physical and psychological well-being, personal satisfaction, and better academic performance. ⋯ Tools to diagnose students' strengths and weaknesses are relevant for higher education institutions. These tools facilitate the implementation of educational and personal improvement strategies.
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Revista médica de Chile · Jan 2022
Historical Article[Dr. Juan Noé and the birth of cell biology in Chile].
Dr. Vicente Izquierdo San Fuentes was the first professor of Histology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Chile. In that Chair, cell theory strongly radiated to new generations of health students. ⋯ Retaining their full independence, these chairs met in 1931, in a new organization called the Juan Noé Institute of Biology, which lasted until the university reform of 1968. Afterwards, the departments of Biology and Genetics, Parasitology, Human Anatomy and Histology were created. In 1998, a new reorganization of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Chile began, creating the so-called Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM) that houses several disciplinary programs that replaced the old departments.