Journal of the American Medical Women's Association (1972)
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J Am Med Womens Assoc · May 1996
ReviewGuidelines for doctors on identifying and helping their patients who batter.
While there are a growing number of medical guides for assisting physicians to identify and help victims of domestic violence, there has been scant attention to how physicians can best respond to perpetrators. The medical model's deficient grasp of violence, combined with the minimizing and excuse-making strategies employed by batterers hinder physicians' ability to detect batterers in their practices and to prescribe the right solutions. Earlier detection is possible, however, when doctors adopt routine diagnostic procedures for all patients and ask informed follow-up questions when there are indications of domestic violence. Finally, physicians should become aware of the effective batterer treatment programs in their areas and make this information easily available to their patients who batter.
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In situ carcinoma of the breast is being diagnosed with greater frequency on breast biopsies. Of the two types of CIS, lobular carcinoma in situ is considered a marker for increased risk of developing breast cancer in either breast, and treatment options are based on different philosophies of careful follow-up vs preventive surgery. Ductal carcinoma in situ is a direct precursor to invasive carcinoma and the variety of treatments available reflect the need to completely excise this lesion. Several trials are now in progress to define the roles of surgery, radiation, and hormonal manipulation in the treatment of both types of CIS.
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To investigate perceived obstacles to the advancement of women in academic medicine, we sent a questionnaire assessing perceptions of the fairness and supportiveness of the academic environment to the 229 female teaching and research faculty of the School of Physicians & Surgeons at Columbia University. The overall response rate was 85%. ⋯ Eighty-one percent experienced conflicts between their professional and personal lives and most believed that the institution failed to adequately address the needs of women with children. This survey indicates that there are significant perceived obstacles to the advancement of women in academic medicine that must be addressed.
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The number of women in all medical specialties increased during the 1970s and 1980s. Anesthesiology residency programs experienced unprecedented growth from 1980 to 1986. ⋯ Studies have shown a correlation between gender and choice of specialty. Factors influencing the differences in choice and the decrease in the percentage of women choosing anesthesiology are unknown.
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J Am Med Womens Assoc · Mar 1991
Gender differences in practice patterns of Ontario family physicians (McMaster medical graduates).
This study examined the extent to which physician gender influences practice patterns. Data came from the Ontario Hospital Insurance Plan billing profiles of general practitioner and family medicine graduates of McMaster University School of Medicine. The women physicians studied were more likely to be certified in family medicine than the men and a higher proportion of their patients were female. ⋯ They provided fewer hospital, emergency room, and intrapartum services and a lower proportion of women included house calls, after-hours work, hospital, emergency room, surgical or intrapartum services in their service mix. Thus these women appeared more likely to restrict their practices to the office setting and to provide a higher proportion of psychosocial care. The overall impact of these sex differences in practice patterns on the health care system requires further exploration.