La Revue du praticien
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La Revue du praticien · Oct 2007
[Infectious complications due to immunosuppression in organ transplant patients].
Prevention and treatment of allograft rejection by immunosuppressive treatments expose organ transplant patients to frequent and sometimes severe infectious complications. Immunosuppressive drugs inhibit both the immune response to alloantigens, and the anti-infectious immunity; they promote intracellular infections, including infections with viruses and with bacterial, parasitic and mycotic agents. Infectious risks are related to duration of immunosuppression exposure, type of immunosuppressive drugs, combination of drugs and trough levels required to control rejection. ⋯ After the graft, infectious risks have to be assessed by clinical examination, repeated white blood cell count to detect leucopenia. In high risk population, monitoring for CMV and EBV infections is based on analysis of replication using nucleic acid based assays or antigenemia studies. Prophylactic anti-infectious therapy in high-risk patients has resulted in reduction of the consequences of overimmunosuppression in organ transplantation.
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La Revue du praticien · Sep 2007
Review[Prevalence and comorbidity of sleep disorders in general population].
Sleep disorders can be expressed in different ways. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders lists more than 80 different sleep disorder diagnoses. In general population, although the insomnia complaint is reported by nearly the third of the population, it is translated into a diagnosis of insomnia for only 6% to 15% of the population. ⋯ Among those more extensively studied, sleep paralysis is found for approximately 6% of the general population. Nocturnal terrors, the confusional arousals and nightmares have been observed with prevalences ranging from 2.2% to 5%. Despite their high frequency, sleep disorders remain poorly identified; less than 20% of individuals with sleep disorders are correctly diagnosed and treated.