La Revue du praticien
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General diseases-associated nail disorders may be classified into 5 types according to their clinical impact. Type I refers to nail disorders considered as peculiar features among the various symptoms of general disease such as peri-ungueal vascular dilatation, onycholysis, Beau lines, opaque nails or melanonychia. ⋯ Type III refers to nails disorders presenting as significant syndromes of several diseases such as yellow-nail syndrome of subungueal splinter haemorrhages, and type IV to specific disorders considered as true keys for diagnosis such as digital hippocratism, Bazex's acrokeratosis, Koenen's tumor, or nail hypoplasia. In type V are included drug-induced nails disorders especially after chemiotherapy or antiretroviral therapy.
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Delirium is a neurologic emergency representative of 10% of the hospitalized patients. It is characterized by an acute and fluctuating change of consciousness and cognition. ⋯ An associated agitation need a quick specific treatment. The treatment should prevent the risk factors, notably iatrogenic, especially in the elderly patients or with previous altered cognitive functions.
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Infiltrative lung diseases (ILD) include more than 130 diseases. Chronic and acute forms of ILD must be differentiated. In each group, cases with a known cause or with an unknown cause have to be individualized. ⋯ Main acute ILD are respectively cardiogenic oedema, lesional oedema, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, infectious ILD and acute eosinophilic pneumonia. The diagnostic approach depends on the presence of an initial orientation. Sometimes, several causes are associated.