Professioni infermieristiche
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Historical Article
Nursing in the Sardinian-Piedmontese Army during the Crimean War.
Contemporary history considers the Crimean War one of the most important European military campaign between the Napoleonic Wars and World War I. For the history of nursing this is an historical landmark, where, thanks to Florence Nightingale, the professional nursing was born. At the moment, the organization of health care and nursing of the Sardinian Piedmontese Army has not been the subject of extensive study. ⋯ Comissetti, as well as the surveys in the archive of the Sisters of Charity at the convent of San Salvato in Turin, the letters of Florence Nightingale and the French doctors' testimonies. So we were able to shed light on the people involved in assistance and healthcare in the Sardinian -Piedmontese Army. A new, unprecedented historical research has shown the dedication and the daily work of male military personnel and religious during the Crimean War, a new aspect during this war that of what would later become the basis of the profession nursing.
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The chronic nonmalignant pain is an underestimated epidemiologic health problem. It is a disease in its own right. It is one of the major reasons because patients use health service. ⋯ These epidemiological studies conducted in different part of the world, reported prevalence rates of chronic pain ranging from 16-53%. They shows a high heterogeneity of results concerning diagnosis and methods. Although limited the number of articles, show the high complexity of the phenomenon.
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In nursing practice, the ability to make decisions regarding patients and to act on them is considered to be an expression of the professional nursing role. Problems may arise when a nurses would like to perform an action they believe morally correct but which are conflictual with the habits, organization or politics of the health structure in which they work. ⋯ The aim of the study was to compare the level of moral stress in 111 Italian nurses working in different Operative Units to identify those clinical situations significantly associated with moral stress using the MDS scale. Similarly to studies performed in the USA, the level of moral stress in the 3 different work contexts was moderate, although some clinical situations were related to significant stress levels.
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In literature there are no studies regarding the quality evaluation of the whole triage process; however, since it is necessary to evaluate what really happens everyday in the Emergency Rooms, as well as verifying the daily level of throughput, there is a strong need for an appropriate tool. Measuring the quality of triage means improving the caring process. This article presents a new measurement grid, aimed at realizing a Quality Evaluation of Nursing Care. ⋯ There are several indicators that evaluate many aspects of the triage process; every single indicator has a score. The sum of the scores defines the quality level of the nursing triage process. Our paper discusses the application of this score in a major Milan hospital, based upon a preliminary study.
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Comparative Study
[A comparison study between two pain assessment scales for hospitalized and cognitively impaired patients with advanced dementia].
The management of pain in a elderly patients with advanced dementia is a very frequently problem in geriatric wards. The pain in patients with advanced dementia whose verbal fluency is declining is underestimated and poorly treated and this is mainly due to the lack of availability of proper tools able to recognise and to assess this disease symptom in those patients. During recent years major progress has taken place, and valid scales that allow for the assessment of the pain also in those kind of patients have been developed. ⋯ The pain assessment was carried out by administering the PAINAD (already validate in italian) and ABBEY scales by the nurse responsible for the patient and by a second nurse, for an amount of four surveys for each patients. Results show that both scales give equivalent results for the pain assessment (K=0.68), with concordance asset moderately good between the exams taken by the two nurses (Cohen K rate between 0.49 and 0.58). The PAINAD scale requires an administering time far lower than the ABBEY scale (p 0.001) and both can be used for the assessment of pain in those patients, also in the hospital.