Acta ophthalmologica
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Acta ophthalmologica · May 2011
Alterations in anterior chamber depth in primary open-angle glaucoma patients during latanoprost therapy.
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the anterior chamber depth (ACD) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients during latanoprost therapy. ⋯ The overall results seem to suggest that latanoprost decreases mean ACD in patients with POAG. The clinical significance of this effect is uncertain.
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To assess the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSF-P) in ocular hypertensive subjects with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) but without development of glaucomatous optic nerve damage. ⋯ Some ocular hypertensive subjects with increased intraocular pressure measurements (after correction for their dependence on central corneal thickness) had an abnormally high lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Assuming that lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure correlated with orbital cerebrospinal fluid pressure, one may postulate that the elevated retro-lamina cribrosa pressure compensated for an increased intraocular pressure. The elevated retro-lamina cribrosa pressure may have led to a normal trans-laminar pressure difference in the eyes with elevated intraocular pressure, so that glaucomatous optic nerve damage did not develop. Intraocular pressure, cerebrospinal fluid pressure and arterial blood pressure were correlated with each other.
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Acta ophthalmologica · Feb 2011
Cataract surgery in a population-based cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes: long-term incidence and risk factors.
To estimate the long-term cumulative incidence of cataract surgery and associated risk factors in a 25-year follow-up of a population-based cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes. ⋯ Type 1 diabetes is associated with a high long-term incidence of cataract surgery. The association between maculopathy and subsequent cataract surgery is a novel finding and should be addressed in future studies.
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Acta ophthalmologica · Feb 2011
Eye complications and markers of morbidity and mortality in long-term type 1 diabetes.
The incidence of type 1 diabetes is rising all over the world. Furthermore, the increased life-expectancy of type 1 diabetic patients is likely to cause a higher number of diabetes-related micro- and macrovascular complications in the years to come. In order to examine the level of long-term complications in type 1 diabetes as well as potential markers of micro- and macroangiopathy, a population-based cohort of Danish type 1 diabetic patients was examined in order to achieve the following aims: 1. ⋯ Furthermore, retinal arteriolar narrowing, decreased retinal fractals and plasma NT-proBNP were associated with various micro- and macrovascular complications. If confirmed by prospective studies, these modalities may be used in order to identify patients at risk of diabetes-related complications. This could, ultimately, lead to decreased mortality and morbidity in type 1 diabetic patients.
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Acta ophthalmologica · Dec 2010
The eye amputated - consequences of eye amputation with emphasis on clinical aspects, phantom eye syndrome and quality of life.
In this thesis the term eye amputation (EA) covers the removing of an eye by: evisceration, enucleation and exenteration. Amputation of an eye is most frequently the end-stage in a complicated disease, or the primary treatment in trauma and neoplasm. In 2010 the literature is extensive due to knowledge about types of surgery, implants and surgical technique. However, not much is known about the time past surgery. ⋯ The most frequent indications for EA in Denmark were painful blind eye (37%) and neoplasm (34%). During the study period 1996-2003, the annual number of eye amputations was stable, but an increase in bulbar eviscerations was noticed. Orbital implants were used with an increasing tendency until 2003. The Phantom eye syndrome is frequent among EA patients. Visual hallucinations were described by 42% of the patients. The content were mainly elementary visual hallucinations, with white or colored light as a continuous sharp light or as moving dots. The most frequent triggers were darkness, closing of the eyes, fatigue and psychological stress. Fifty-four percent of the patients had visual hallucinations more than once a week. Ten patients were so visually disturbed that it interfered with their daily life. Approximately 23% of all EA experience phantom pain for several years after the surgery. Phantom pain was reported to be of three different qualities: (i) cutting, penetrating, gnawing or oppressive (n=19); (ii) radiating, zapping or shooting (n=8); (iii) superficial burning or stinging (n=5); or a mixture of these different pain qualities (n=7). The median intensity on a visual analogue scale, ranging from 0 to 100, was 36 [range: 1-89]. One-third of the patients experienced phantom pain every day. Chilliness, windy weather and psychological stress/fatigue were the most commonly reported triggers for pain. Factors associated with phantom pain were: ophthalmic pain before EA, the presence of implant and a patient reported high degree of conjunctival secretion. A common reason for EA is the presence of a painful blind eye. However, one third of these patients continue to have pain after the EA. Phantom sensations were present in 2% of the patients. The impact of an eye amputation is considerable. EA patients have poorer health related quality of life, poorer self-rated health and more perceived stress than does the general population. The largest differences in health related quality of life between the EA patients and the general population were related to role limitations due to emotional problems and mental health. Patients with the indication painful blind eye are having lower scores in all aspects of health related quality of life and perceived stress than patients with the indication neoplasm and trauma. The percentage of eye amputated which is divorced or separated was twice as high as in the general population. Furthermore, 25% retired or changed to part-time jobs due to eye disease and 39.5% stopped participating in leisure activities due to their EAs.