Medicinski pregled
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The medicine had been practiced in ancient Egypt since the earliest, prehistoric days, many millenia before Christ, and was quite developed in later periods. This is evident from the sceletal findings, surgical instruments found in tombs, wall printings, the reliefs and inscriptions, and most of all, from the sparse written material known as medical papyri. However, there were not many physicians from that time whose names had been recorded. The earliest physician in ancient Egypt known by name was Imhotep. WHO WAS IMHOTEP?: Imhotep lived and worked during the time of the 3rd Dynasty of Old Kingdom and served under the pharaoh Djoser (reigned 2667-2648 BC) as his vizier or chief minister, high priest, chief builder and carpenter. He obviously was an Egyptian polymath, a learned man and scribe and was credited with many inventions. ⋯ Imhotep was a real historic person from the period of the 3rd Dynasty of Old Kingdom (2686-2637 BC) and he served under the pharaoh Djoser as his vizier and high priest. Obviously, he was a very capable and many-sided man who is believed to be the designer and builder of the so-called Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqarah and of several other buildings. Apart from that he was believed by his people to be the "inventor of healing" and is considered to be the practicing physician at his time and the author of the famous Smith papirus. As such he is considered to be the first physician known by name in written history of the world. He was one of only two mortals ever to be accorded divining status after death.
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Anesthesiologists are confronted with an increasing population of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery who are at risk for cardiac complications in the perioperative period. Perioperative cardiac complications are responsible for significant mortality and morbidity. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of perioperative (operative and postoperative) cardiac complications and correlations between the incidence of perioperative cardiac complications and type of surgical procedure, age, presence of concurrent deseases. ⋯ Systemic arterial hypertension occured in 57% of patients intraoperatively and 33% postoperatively, abnormalities of cardiac rhythm in 31% of patients intraoperatively and 17% postoperatively, perioperative myocardial ischemia in 23% of patients intraoperatively and 11% of postoperatively. The most often cardiac complications were systemic arterial hypertension, abnormalities of cardiac rhythm and perioperative mvocardial ischemia. Factors independently associated with the incidence of cardiac complications included the type of surgical procedure, advanced age, duration of anaesthesia and surgery, abnormal preoperative electrocardiogram, abnormal preoperative chest radiography and diabetes.
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Biography Historical Article
["Serbian mother from Scotland"--Dr. Elsie Inglis (1864-1917)].
90 years ago, on November 26th, 1917, died Dr. Elsie Inglis, one of the greatest heroines of the First World War, founder and driving force of the famous "Scottish Women's Hospitals", and one of the most interesting persons in the history of medicine in general, and especially in Serbia where she and her hospitals were of the greatest help in the most difficult times. ⋯ High honours were bestowed posthumously on Dr. E. Inglis both by Great Britain and Serbia, and now, 90 years after her death, we should remember her with deep gratitude and respect for all she did for our people in the most difficult times of its history.
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Sepsis is characterized by generalized inflammatory response induced by infection. The incidence of myocardial dysfunction in sepsis is unknown as well as its impact on survival, independently other organ system dysfunction. ⋯ Echocardiography can be used in septic patient for diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction, decision making, follow-up of the response to inotropic therapy, and detection of the complete recovery of cardiac function.
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High Frequency Jet Ventilation is one in a group of alternative ventilatory techniques characterized by the application of small tidal volumes delivered at higher than physiological rates, followed by the passive expiration. There are two groups of indications: first, High Frequency Jet ventilation was used as a special ventilation mode during diagnostic or surgical procedures in patients with airway pathology; and second, High Frequency Jet Ventilation was employed as a respiratory support technique to improve gas exchange during severe pulmonary failure in infants, children and adults. Diagnostic or surgery laryngoscopy requires a method that can give good exposure of the larynx, continuing control of the airway patency and immobility of the vocal cords. ⋯ Jet ventilation via a catheter placed through the cricothyroid membrane, is an easy and safe way to ventilate patients with an abnormality of the upper airway, such as in cases of head and neck cancer. Inappropriate airway pressure monitoring and/or an insufficient expiratory airflow enhances the risk of pulmonary barotrauma. Despite a large body of published evidence describing its benefits as an alternative ventilatory approach in anaesthesia and intensive care medicine, its application has not gained widespread acceptance and is restricted to specialized centres only.