Medicinski pregled
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THE ANCIENT TIMES: Many early civilisations left testimonies about ancient times and resuscitation, as well. Some of them did it successfully and some of them did it less successfully; however, all of them wished to help a dying person and to bring him back to life. The first trustworthy note can be found in the Bible--Old Testament as a very realistic description of resuscitation of a child. ⋯ With the development of mechanics and techniques, the first precursors of modern respirators were introduced in the 19th century. The age of modern cardiopulmonary resuscitation began in the middle of 20th century, when Dr Peter Safar brought in the combination of artificial ventilation and chest compressions as the standard for implementing resuscitation. Adrenalin and defibrillation were introduced into the resuscitation techniques by Dr Redding and Dr Kouwenhaven, respectively; thus beginning the advance life support administration, which has been applied, with minor changes, until today.
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Biography Historical Article
[Marie Curie, née Maria Sklodowska (1867-1934)--contribution to the development of radiology].
Marie Curie, née Maria Sklodowska, was born on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw (Poland). She suffered from leukaemia and died on June 4, 1934. She was buried with full honours at Pantheon. ⋯ She had 20 cars with moving radiological lab made and trained 150 people to work on them. She brought something radically new into military medicine--mobile x-ray diagnostics. With the discovery of radioactive elements a new medical branch, radiotherapy, was developed.
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Drowning is a leading preventable cause of unintentional morbidity and mortality. The dominant pathophysiological mechanism of drowning includes the development of acute hypoxia. ⋯ In drowning, the victim with cardiac arrest requires advanced life support, including an early intubation. Extended medical measures, which are primarily provided by medical professionals, include cervical spine immobilization in case a spinal injury is suspected, or, establishment of the ventilation with oxygen, emergency transport, application of reanimation and advanced vital support measures.
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During the last several years many authors have found that the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation is useful in the prediction of not only postoperative mortality but also of the length of stay in the intensive care unit, complication rate and overall treatment expenses. This study included 329 patients who had undergone isolated surgical myocardial revascularization at our Department during the period from January 1st to June 6th, 2008. For the operative risk evaluation, the additive European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluaion was used. ⋯ The length of stay in the intensive care unit was 25.56, 32.43 and 49.59 hours for groups I, II and III, respectively. The difference in the mean length of stay in the intensive care unit between the groups was highly statistically significant (p < 0.001) with a positive correlation (R = 0.193; p < 0.001). There is a positive correlation in patients who had undergone surgical myocardial revascularization in terms of operative risk expressed by the additive European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation and length of stay in the intensive care unit, total intubation period and development of early postoperative complications.
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Biography Historical Article
[Forgotten great men of medicine--Baron Dominique Jean Larrey (1766-1842)].
BIOGRAPHY: Baron Dominique Jean Larrev was a French army surgeon who rose to become a surgeon-in-chief of Napoleon's Grande Armée. Many advances in the field of surgery have been attributed to him: he was one of the first to amputate at the hip-joint (1812); he pioneered the use of maggots to prevent infection in wounds; he gave the first description of a trench foot, and originated the first aid to combatants by getting stretcher-bearers to take wounded men immediately from the battlefield. EDUCATION AND CAREER: Larrey studied medicine in Paris and spent a short time in the navy before resuming his studies at the Parisian College de Chirurgie. ⋯ He remained loyal to Napoleon even after his abdication in 1814, and followed him on his final campaign (the hundred days). At Waterloo, he was captured and sentenced to death; however, he was saved by the personal intervention of the Prussian commander Blücher. Many historians put him in the line with chemist Antoine Lavoisier and doctors Joseph Guillotin and Jean Paul Marat.