Survey of ophthalmology
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Survey of ophthalmology · May 2002
Case ReportsBilateral decreased vision and cotton-wool spots in a 42-year-old man.
A 42-year-old man presented with bilateral decreased vision, transient visual loss, and anterior segment inflammation. The diagnosis of ocular ischemic syndrome was established by arteriography.
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Survey of ophthalmology · Jan 2002
Review Case ReportsTwo discrete choroidal melanomas in an eye with ocular melanocytosis.
We report a case of multifocal choroidal melanoma arising in an eye with ocular melanocytosis and review the pertinent literature. A 63-year-old Caucasian male with ocular melanocytosis in the left eye was found to have two discrete choroidal melanomas in the same eye. ⋯ On the basis of random chance, patients with two melanomas in the same eye would be expected to have approximately 1000-fold greater likelihood of underlying ocular melanocytosis than the general Caucasian population. In conclusion, multifocal choroidal melanoma is rare and may be related to underlying ocular melanocytosis.
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Every year in the USA, 100-150 people die and 1000-1500 others are injured by lightning strikes. Ophthalmic and neurologic injuries from lightning strike are common. ⋯ Prompt evaluation by an ophthalmologist is imperative for maximizing outcomes. Incidence and mechanisms of lightning strike injury are summarized, with special emphasis on the treatment of ocular injuries.
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Survey of ophthalmology · Jul 2001
ReviewClostridium botulinum and the ophthalmologist: a review of botulism, including biological warfare ramifications of botulinum toxin.
The anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum causes disease by elaborating an extremely potent neurotoxin that inhibits release of acetylcholine at presynaptic nerve endings, thereby resulting in a descending flaccid paralysis and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Possible ophthalmological effects of this neurotoxin are many and typically constitute the earliest manifestations of botulism. ⋯ Ophthalmological findings of botulism are tabulated and their frequencies are provided. Finally, the bioterrorism/biologic warfare ramifications of botulinum toxin are briefly discussed.