International journal of clinical and experimental medicine
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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a subtle impairment of cognitive abilities and can manifest on different neuropsychological features in the early postoperative period. It has been proved that the use of mechanical ventilation (MV) increased the development of delirium and POCD. However, the impact of variable and conventional lung protective mechanical ventilation on the incidence of POCD still remains unknown, which was the aim of this study. ⋯ Variable vs conventional lung protective MV decreased the incidence of postoperative delirium and POCD by reducing the systemic proinflammatory response.
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Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent complication in postoperative period. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of dexmedetomidine on PONV. ⋯ The present meta-analysis indicates that dexmedetomidine shows superiority to placebo, but not to all other anesthetic agents on PONV. And this efficacy may be related to a reduced consumption of intraoperative opioids.
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Ginkgolide B, a diterpene, is an herbal constituent isolated from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba tree. The present study demonstrates the effect of ginkgolide B in osmotherapy on brain metabolism and tissue oxygenation. Multimodality monitoring including intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2), lactate/pyruvate ratio (LPR) and microdialysis were employed to study the effect of ginkgolide B osmotherapy. ⋯ However there was no significant effect on MAP but PbtO2 was maintained in the range of 22-26. The peak lactate/pyruvate ratio was recorded at the time of initiation of osmotherapy (44 ± 20) with an 18% decrease over 2 h following gingkolide B therapy. Also the brain glucose remained unaffected.
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To investigate superiorities of a special needle-over-cannula adopting different location methods for continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) for geriatric lower extremity joint arthroplasty. ⋯ Shorter indwelling cannula time and higher success rate of single attempt placement suggest that fascial pop combined ultrasound guidance is worth for clinical recommendation.
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Giant congenital melanocytic nevi (GCMN) are rare conditions that defined as melanocytic lesion recognized at birth, which will reach a diameter larger than 20 cm, and they occur in about 1 per 500,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, they may associate with severe abnormalities like spina bifida occulta, meningocele, club foot and hypertrophy or atrophy of deeper structures of a limb, Carney complex, premature aging syndromes, neurofibroma, vitiligo, lipoma and dysplasia of bilateral hip impact on the patient. ⋯ We highlight the importance of proper histopathological examination of the biopsy taken from the single huge nodule which revealed features of both neurofibroma and lipoma coexisting. The objective of this paper is to report a rare case with the clinical and pathologic findings.