Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
-
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol · Jun 2009
Comparative StudyRelationship of quantitative salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus in mothers to caries status and colonization of mutans streptococci in plaque in their 2.5-year-old children.
The aim of this study was to assess the relationships of quantitative salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus in mothers with the colonization of mutans streptococci (MS) in plaque and caries status in their 2.5-year-old children. Furthermore, the dynamics of caries status in the children was evaluated in a 2-year follow-up survey. ⋯ In the 54 mother-and-child pairs tested, the maternal salivary levels of S. mutans and S. sobrinus determined by real-time PCR were significantly related to MS colonization in plaque as well as dental caries in their children at 2.5 years of age. Thus, determination of maternal levels of both organisms using the present cut-off values is proposed as an efficient method to indicate the risks of maternal transmission of MS and childhood dental caries.
-
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol · Feb 2009
Comparative StudySchool-level contextual factors associated with betel quid chewing among schoolchildren in Taiwan.
Previous to this research, no literature had explored the clustering of betel quid chewing at the school-level and the contextual factors contributing to this behavior among elementary schoolchildren. This study therefore examines this in clusters stratified according to school geography and the rate of aboriginal students in each school. Individual-level characteristics are controlled in the study. ⋯ The new findings from this study suggest that the specific school attended is an important point of intervention. Therefore, effective policies and preventive programs should be strongly considered for implementation in schools that are putting students at the greatest risk for betel quid chewing behavior. Our study also confirmed the relationship between betel quid chewing, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking, suggesting that multifaceted intervention strategies need to be considered in regard to such behaviors among elementary schoolchildren.
-
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol · Feb 2009
Is there equity in oral healthcare utilization: experience after achieving Universal Coverage.
To assess the socioeconomic-related (in)equality and horizontal (in)equity in oral healthcare utilization among Thai adults after Universal Coverage (UC) policy implemented nationwide, and to decompose the source of inequality in utilization. Further, to identify the determinants that effect to out-of-pocket payments for oral healthcare. ⋯ Notwithstanding the UC policy implementation made impressive strides toward improving of welfare coverage and an increase in accessibility of health services among Thais, inequality and inequity in oral healthcare utilization persist even when the country achieved universal coverage. Decomposition analyses demonstrate the association of each determinant to inequality in utilization which provides information for policy amendment to achieve the goal of equity in healthcare system.
-
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol · Feb 2009
Global policy for improvement of oral health in the 21st century--implications to oral health research of World Health Assembly 2007, World Health Organization.
The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Oral Health Programme has worked hard over the past 5 years to increase the awareness of oral health worldwide as oral health is important component of general health and quality of life. Meanwhile, oral disease is still a major public health problem in high income countries and the burden of oral disease is growing in many low- and middle income countries. In the World Oral Health Report 2003, the WHO Global Oral Health Programme formulated the policies and necessary actions to the continuous improvement of oral health. ⋯ However, advances in oral health science have not yet benefited the poor and disadvantaged populations worldwide. The major challenges of the future will be to translate knowledge and experiences in oral disease prevention and health promotion into action programmes. The WHO Global Oral Health Programme invites the international oral health research community to engage further in research capacity building in developing countries, and in strengthening the work so that research is recognized as the foundation of oral heath policy at global level.
-
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol · Oct 2008
The consequences of orofacial pain symptoms: a population-based study in Hong Kong.
To investigate the impacts associated with orofacial pain symptoms among adult Chinese people in Hong Kong. Associations between impacts, pain characteristics and professional treatment seeking behaviour were explored. ⋯ The adverse impact of orofacial pain on the well-being of the adult population of Hong Kong was substantial. Despite this, treatment seeking was low with a high level of untreated orofacial pain symptoms.